Representasi Identitas Tokoh Anak Perempuan dalam Kumpulan Cerpen Kapan Nanti Karya Ziggy Zezsyazeoviennazabrizkie

Abstract

The perspectives of girls in adult literature are important to examine because they can reveal experiences of gender injustice through narrative strategies. However, studies integrating Gérard Genette's focalization theory and Judith Butler's gender performativity theory to examine the representation of girls in adult literature remain limited. This study aims to describe the construction of girls' perspectives and the representation of their gender identities in Ziggy Z's short story collection Kapan Nanti. This study employed a qualitative descriptive approach. The data consisted of narrative, descriptive, and dialogic excerpts collected through reading and note-taking techniques and analyzed using content analysis based on Genette’s (1980) focalization theory and Butler’s (2002) gender performativity theory. The findings show that zero focalization places girls' experiences within broader social contexts and power relations, internal focalization presents their experiences through the characters' consciousness and interpretation, while external focalization limits access to the characters' voices and inner experiences. These differences show that the presentation of perspective is related to the representation of gender identities shaped through labeling, bodily regulation, violence, trauma, marginalization, and silencing, while also showing resistance to gender norms and power relations. Theoretically, the integration of focalization and gender performativity shows that the way narratives present girls' experiences can be used to understand how their gender identities are constructed, restricted, and resisted within age- and gender-based power relations.