Peran Artificial Intelligence (AI) dalam Mengelola Beban Kognitif Mahasiswa Biologi: Kajian Sistematis
Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Biology, Cognitive load, ScienceAbstract
Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis literatur secara komprehensif mengenai penggunaan teknologi kecerdasan buatan (AI) dalam mendukung proses pembelajaran di bidang biologi, khususnya dalam konteks pengelolaan beban kognitif. Hal ini berdasarkan banyaknya kompleksitas konsep dan terminologi dalam biologi, beban kognitif menjadi hambatan dalam mencapai efektivitas pembelajaran. Metode yang digunakan adalah systematic literature review (SLR) berbasis pedoman PRISMA, sebanyak 25 artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan antara tahun 2017 hingga 2023 yang dianalisis secara tematik dan kualitatif. Hasil kajian mengidentifikasi berbagai cara pemanfaatan AI dalam memfasilitasi pembelajaran, mendukung pemahaman konsep, memprediksi kebutuhan belajar, serta menyediakan bimbingan cerdas yang adaptif. Studi-studi yang direview menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi berbasis AI, baik dalam format web maupun mobile, memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap peningkatan kemudahan dan kenyamanan belajar. Integrasi pendekatan multidisipliner, termasuk psikologi kognitif, ilmu afektif, dan teknologi pendidikan dengan AI, terbukti mampu meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas proses pembelajaran. Kajian ini menegaskan bahwa implementasi AI dalam pendidikan harus mempertimbangkan beban kognitif yang dihadapi mahasiswa, serta memanfaatkan potensi AI untuk menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang lebih adaptif, personal, dan responsif terhadap kebutuhan individu.
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