Pengaruh Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) dalam Meningkatkan Post-Traumatic Growth (PTG)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25299/jicop.v3i1s.12358Keywords:
Covid-19, Kematian Anggota Keluarga Inti, Posttraumatic Growth, Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy, Dewasa AwalAbstract
Saat menghadapi kematian seseorang terutama anggota keluarga yang dekat, seringkali keyakinan individu terhadap dunia menjadi berubah. Untuk melewati perubahan tersebut, individu harus mampu membangun kembali keyakinan dan pandangannya terhadap dunia. Kematian anggota keluarga inti atau seseorang yang dicintai dalam kondisi pandemi Covid-19 menjadi suatu beban krisis yang bisa berbeda dari biasanya. Proses berduka merupakan sesuatu yang wajar untuk dilalui, namun bisa menjadi sebuah gangguan patologis jika tidak ditangani dengan baik. Saat mampu diatasi dengan baik, kematian seseorang dapat memicu pertumbuhan pribadi seperti posttraumatic growth (PTG). PTG mengacu pada pengalaman perubahan positif yang terjadi sebagai akibat dari perjuangan dengan krisis kehidupan. Dalam membantu proses individu memodifikasi keyakinan atau kognitifnya, Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) dinilai mampu membantu individu berfokus pada kondisi saat ini tanpa memberikan penilaian berlebih pada apa yang dialami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah MBCT mampu meningkatkan PTG pada individu yang mengalami kematian anggota keluarga inti karena Covid-19. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan rancangan single case experimental design dengan membandingkan pengukuran sebelum dan sesudah treatment dilakukan. Subjek penelitian ini adalah individu dewasa awal (usia antara 18-40 tahun). Penelitian ini melibatkan dua orang subjek dengan hasil terdapat peningkatan pada skor Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) setelah diberikan treatment dengan peningkatan rata-rata 10%.
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Centre for Mindfulness Research and Practice. (n.d.). What is “mindfulness” and how can it help. https://www.bangor.ac.uk/mindfulness/what-is-mindfulness.php.en
Cipolletta, S., Entilli, L., & Filisetti, S. (2022). Uncertainty, shock and anger: Recent loss experiences of first-wave COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, January, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.2604
Diolaiuti, F., Marazziti, D., Francesca, M., & Mucci, F. (2021). Impact and consequences of COVID-19 pandemic on complicated grief and persistent complex bereavement disorder. Psychiatry Research, 300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113916
Eisma, M. C., & Tamminga, A. (2020). Grief Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Multiple Group Comparisons. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 60(6), e1–e4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.10.004
Han, N., Chen, G., Li, S., Huang, F., Wang, X., Ren, X., & Zhu, T. (2021). Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the bereaved: A study of bereaved weibo users. Healthcare (Switzerland), 9(6), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9060724
Huang, F. Y., Hsu, A. L., Chao, Y. P., Shang, C. M. H., Tsai, J. S., & Wu, C. W. (2021). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on bereavement grief: Alterations of resting-state network connectivity associate with changes of anxiety and mindfulness. Human Brain Mapping, 42(2), 510–520. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25240
Kumar, R. M. (2021). The Many Faces of Grief : A Systematic Literature Review of Grief During the COVID-19 Pandemic. 2019(March 2020). https://doi.org/10.1177/10541373211038084
Mohammadi, F., Oshvandi, K., Shamsaei, F., Cheraghi, F., & Khodaveisi, M. (2021). The mental health crises of the families of COVID ‑ 19 victims : a qualitative study. BMC Family Practice, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-021-01442-8
Mortazavi, S. S., Shahbazi, N., Taban, M., Alimohammadi, A., & Shati, M. (2021). Mourning During Corona: A Phenomenological Study of Grief Experience Among Close Relatives During COVID-19 Pandemics. Omega (United States). https://doi.org/10.1177/00302228211032736
Pappas, S. (2021). Helping patients cope with COVID-19 grief. Monitor on Psychology, 52(4). https://www.apa.org/monitor/2021/06/ce-covid-grief
Porter, N., & Claridge, A. M. (2021). Unique grief experiences: The needs of emerging adults facing the death of a parent. Death Studies, 45(3), 191–201. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2019.1626939
Tang, S., & Xiang, Z. (2021). Who suffered most after deaths due to COVID-19? Prevalence and correlates of prolonged grief disorder in COVID-19 related bereaved adults. Globalization and Health, 17(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-021-00669-5
Tedeschi, R. G., Shakespeare-Finch, J., Taku, K., & Calhoun, L. G. (2018). Posttraumatic Growth: Theory, Research, and Application. Routledge.
Williams, H., Skalisky, J., Erickson, T. M., & Thoburn, J. (2020). Posttraumatic Growth in the Context of Grief : Testing the Mindfulness-to-Meaning Theory Posttraumatic Growth in the Context of Grief : Testing. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 0(0), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/15325024.2020.1855048
Zhou, N., Yu, W., Tang, S., Wang, J., & Killikelly, C. (2018). Prolonged grief and post-traumatic growth after loss: Latent class analysis. Psychiatry Research, 267, 221–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.06.006
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