Factors Affecting Hybrid Coconut Farming Production in Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau Province (Cobb-Douglas Production Function Approach)

Abstract

Coconut is one of the leading plantation commodities in Riau Province, especially in Tempuling Sub-district, Indragiri Hilir Regency. Hybrid coconut farming supports the local economy and improves farmers' livelihoods. This study aims to analyse: (1) the profile of farmers and the characteristics of their farming, (2) the use of production factors, costs, income, and farming efficiency, and (3) the factors that influence hybrid coconut production. The research used a survey method with 53 farmers as respondents. The data analysed includes both primary and secondary data, using descriptive qualitative and quantitative approaches, along with the Cobb-Douglas production function. The results show that most farmers manage their farms on a relatively large scale with sufficient capital, supported by family labour, and the average age of hybrid coconut trees is 9.8 years. The production cost is IDR 13,152,120 per year, with revenue of IDR 55,510,189 and income of IDR 42,358,068 per year. The farming efficiency (RCR) is 4.2. The Cobb-Douglas model shows that the R² value of 0.759 indicates that 75.90% of the variation in production is explained by six input factors: land area (X1), number of productive trees (X2), labour (X3), lime (terusi) (X4), salt (X5), and pesticides (X6). However, only land area (X1) has a statistically significant effect. This shows that even though inputs are used, their effectiveness varies, and optimizing land use remains the key to increasing productivity in hybrid coconut farming.