Pengelolaan Wakaf Uang : Usulan Skema Pembiayaan Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25299/syarikat.2023.vol6(1).10691Keywords:
Wakaf Uang, Pembiayaan, UMKM, Supply Chain FinancingAbstract
Studi mengenai pengelolaan wakaf uang melalui pembiayaan kepada usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah (UMKM) bertujuan untuk memberikan alternatif pengelolaan wakaf untuk kegiatan produktif terutama UMKM dengan meminimalkan risiko tidak kembalinya pokok wakaf. Studi dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif yaitu melalui studi literatur yang memuat kajian yang pernah dilakukan sebelumnya, skema pembiayaan UMKM yang pernah dilakukan oleh beberapa lembaga yang kemudian penulis modifikasi untuk memperoleh skema pembiayaan UMKM yang memiliki risiko yang relatif rendah. Studi ini menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa pengelolaan wakaf uang untuk pembiayaan UMKM dapat dilakukan dengan skema supply chain financing (SCF). Skema SCF memiliki risiko yang relatif rendah, karena pembiayaan diberikan atas dasar tagihan UMKM kepada mitra usaha. Untuk usaha skala mikro yang umumnya modalnya masih lemah dan usahanya belum berkembang, pinjaman dapat diberikan tanpa bagi hasil. Sedangkan pembiayaan kepada usaha kecil dan menengah dapat diberikan pinjaman dengan sistem bagi hasil. Studi ini masih terbatas pada pembiayaan UMKM secara umum, ke depan dapat dikembangkan studi lebih lanjut skema pembiayaan UMKM pada sektor ekonomi tertentu atau secara spasial sesuai karakteristik wilayah masing-masing.
Downloads
References
Abbasi, W. A., Wang, Z., & Alsakarneh, A. (2018). Overcoming SMEs financing and supply chain obstacles by introducing supply chain finance. HOLISTICA–Journal of Business and Public Administration, 9(1), 7-22.
Abdullah, R., & Ismail, A. G. (2017). Taking stock of the waqf-based Islamic microfinance model. International Journal of Social Economics, 44(8), 1018-1031.
Ahmad, M. (2015). Cash waqf: historical evolution, nature and role as an alternative to riba-based financing for the grass root. Journal of Islamic Finance, 176(3160), 1-12.
Ahmed, H. (2007). Waqf-based microfinance: realizing the social role of Islamic finance. World Bank, 6-7.
Ali, A. M., & Yusof, H. (2011). Quality in qualitative studies: The case of validity, reliability and generalizability. Issues in Social and Environmental Accounting, 5(1/2), 25-64.
Ali, Z., Gongbing, B., & Mehreen, A. (2018). Does supply chain finance improve SMEs performance? The moderating role of trade digitization. Business Process Management Journal, 26(1), 150-167.
Ambrose. A. A., A. H., Gulam Hassan, M. A., & Hanafi, H. (2018). A proposed model for waqf financing public goods and mixed public goods in Malaysia. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 11(3), 395-415.
Anggriyani. D. S. (2020). Ragam Akses Modal Pinjaman Berdasarkan Tujuan Pemanfaatan. Diambil dari https://ukmindonesia.id/baca-deskripsi-posts/%E2%80%8Bragam-akses-modal-pinjaman-berdasarkan-tujuan-pemanfaatan
Batrancea, I., Morar, I. D., Masca, E., Catalin, S., & Bechis, L. (2018). Econometric modeling of SME performance. Case of Romania. Sustainability, 10(1), 192.
Basri, H. (2014). Using qualitative research in accounting and management studies: not a new agenda. Journal of US-China Public Administration, 11(10), 831-838.
Beck, T., & Demirguc-Kunt, A. (2006). Small and medium-size enterprises: Access to finance as a growth constraint. Journal of Banking & finance, 30(11), 2931-2943.
Berry, A., Rodriguez, E., & Sandee, H. (2001). Small and medium enterprise dynamics in Indonesia. Bulletin of Indonesian economic studies, 37(3), 363-384.
Cizakca, M. (2004, March). Cash waqf as alternative to NBFIs Bank. In International Seminar on Nonbank Financial Institutions: Islamic Alternatives (pp. 1-3).
Dervojeda, K., Verzijl, D., Nagtegaal, F., Lengton, M., & Rouwmaat, E. (2014). Innovative Business Models: Supply chain finance. Netherlands: Business Innovation Observatory.
El-Gari, M. A. (2004, March). The qard hassan bank. In International Seminar on Nonbank Financial Institutions: Islamic Alternatives (pp. 1-3).
Fahruroji. (2019). Wakaf Kontemporer. Badan Wakaf Indonesia, Jakarta.
Gelsomino, L. M., Mangiaracina, R., Perego, A., & Tumino, A. (2016). Supply chain finance: a literature review. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 46(4).
Irjayanti, M., & Azis, A. M. (2012). Barrier factors and potential solutions for Indonesian SMEs. Procedia economics and finance, 4, 3-12.
Islam. M. M, (2015). Cash -Waqf: New Financial Instrument for SMEs Development in Bangladesh. World Vision Research Journal, 9(1)
Kahf, M. (2016). Waqf: a quick overview. availabat: http://monzer. kahf. com/papers/english/WAQF_A_QUICK_OVERVIEWdf.
Kementerian Koperasi dan UKM. (2020). Rencana Strategis Deputi Bidang Pembiayaan tahun 2020-2024
Kersten, R., Harms, J., Liket, K., & Maas, K. (2017). Small Firms, large Impact? A systematic review of the SME Finance Literature. World development, 97, 330-348.
Lekkakos, S. D., & Serrano, A. (2016). Supply chain finance for small and medium sized enterprises: the case of reverse factoring. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 46(4).
Liang, L. W., Huang, B. Y., Liao, C. F., & Gao, Y. T. (2017). The impact of SMEs’ lending and credit guarantee on bank efficiency in South Korea. Review of development finance, 7(2), 134-141.
Masyita, D. (2005). Sistem Pengentasan Kemiskinan yang Berkelanjutan Melalui Wakaf Tunai. Laporan Penelitian Kementrian Riset dan Teknologi RI, Jakarta.
Mohsin, M. I. A. (2013). Financing through cash-waqf: a revitalization to finance different needs. International journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern finance and management, 6(4), 304-321.
Mourougane, A. (2012). Promoting SME development in Indonesia.
Qureshi, M. F. A., (2017). Development of WAQF: A History from Concept to Institution. Conference: 2017 KFUPM Islamic Banking and Finance Research Conference
Saiti, B., Salad, A. J., & Bulut, M. (2019). The role of cash waqf in poverty reduction: a multi-country case study. Management of Shari’ah compliant businesses: Case studies on creation of sustainable value, 21-34.
Sugiyono. (2013). Metode Penelitian Kuantitaif Kualitatif dan R & D, Bandung: Alfabeta
Suryana, Y., & Komaladewi, R. (2012). Integrated Model of Micro Financial Institutions andMicro Small Enterprises. International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning, 2(5), 429.
Thaker, M. A. B. M. T., Mohammed, M. O., Duasa, J., & Abdullah, M. A. (2016). Developing cash waqf model as an alternative source of financing for micro enterprises in Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 7(4), 254-267.
Wehinger, G. (2014). SMEs and the credit crunch: Current financing difficulties, policy measures and a review of literature. OECD Journal: Financial market trends, 2013(2), 115-148.
Weiss, J., & Montgomery, H. (2005). Great expectations: microfinance and poverty reduction in Asia and Latin America. Oxford Development Studies, 33(3-4), 391-416.
Yan, N., Sun, B., Zhang, H., & Liu, C. (2016). A partial credit guarantee contract in a capital-constrained supply chain: Financing equilibrium and coordinating strategy. International journal of production economics, 173, 122-133.
Yang, Y., Chen, X., Gu, J., & Fujita, H. (2019). Alleviating financing constraints of SMEs through supply chain. Sustainability, 11(3), 673.
Zainal, V. R. (2016). Pengelolaan dan pengembangan wakaf produktif. Al-Awqaf: Jurnal Wakaf Dan Ekonomi Islam, 9(1), 1-16.
