Coach-athlete relationship and interpersonal behaviour: Influence in youth athlete continuous participation in sports

https://doi.org/10.25299/sportarea.2025.vol10(1).19114

Authors

  • Siegfried Kent Elicot Institute of Sports, Physical Education, and Recreation, University of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, Cotabato, Philippines
  • Moreno Jr Java Institute of Sports, Physical Education, and Recreation, University of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, Cotabato, Philippines.
  • Elpedio Arias Institute of Sports, Physical Education, and Recreation, University of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, Cotabato, Philippines.
  • Marlene Orfrecio Institute of Sports, Physical Education, and Recreation, University of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, Cotabato, Philippines.
  • Ruben Jr Tagare Institute of Sports, Physical Education, and Recreation, University of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, Cotabato, Philippines

Keywords:

Coach-athlete Relationship, Interpersonal Behavior, Intention to Continue sports , Sports Participation

Abstract

Background Problems: The coach-athlete relationship and the coach’s behaviour are vital in shaping athletes’ experiences, motivation, and long-term commitment to sports. While previous studies have explored coach-athlete relationships and coaching behaviours, few have examined their combined impact on long-term sports participation. This study seeks to explore how these variables contribute to sustaining youth sports involvement. Research Objectives: The primary objectives of this study are to assess the influence of the coach-athlete relationship and coaches’ interpersonal behaviours on youth athletes’ intention to continue participating in sports and to investigate the relationships between these factors and the overall intention to persist in sports. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive-correlational design was used to examine the relationships between the coach-athlete relationship, coaching behaviours, and youth athletes’ intention to continue in sports. The study involved 66 varsity athletes from a school in Cotabato, Philippines, selected through total enumeration, with data collected using the validated Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q) and Interpersonal Behaviour Questionnaire (IBQ). Data were analysed using frequency counts, weighted means, and Spearman’s rho correlation to assess variable associations and ensure reliability. Findings and Results: The analysis revealed a positive coach-athlete relationship, with athletes expressing strong agreement on trust, respect, and commitment. Perceptions of interpersonal behaviours were similarly positive, particularly regarding coaches’ encouragement in skill development and the enjoyment of time spent with them. However, the study found no significant relationship between the coach-athlete relationship, coaching behaviours, and athletes’ intention to continue participating in sports. Conclusion: Despite positive perceptions of the coach-athlete relationship and interpersonal coaching behaviours. This study found no significant influence on youth athletes’ intention to continue sports participation, highlighting the need for further research on other factors such as athlete motivation, support systems, and environmental conditions that may affect long-term sports engagement.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Siegfried Kent Elicot, Institute of Sports, Physical Education, and Recreation, University of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, Cotabato, Philippines

Email: [email protected]

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0251-3073

mceclip0-fa6be8c07f7ec917b11ae4736e8c7a00.png

Moreno Jr Java, Institute of Sports, Physical Education, and Recreation, University of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, Cotabato, Philippines.

Email: [email protected]

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5289-5305

mceclip1-8df0aa526e299ff6d66cf96e2356d7ca.png

Elpedio Arias, Institute of Sports, Physical Education, and Recreation, University of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, Cotabato, Philippines.

Email: [email protected]

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3631-6084

mceclip2-b62248eb46df56e81e3aa401d7dd238d.png

Marlene Orfrecio, Institute of Sports, Physical Education, and Recreation, University of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, Cotabato, Philippines.

Email: [email protected]

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6451-7007

mceclip3-b4aedd9ab4d51efe45980238305538fe.png

Ruben Jr Tagare, Institute of Sports, Physical Education, and Recreation, University of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, Cotabato, Philippines

Email: [email protected]

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1628-6229

mceclip4-56fa3085ac45a7416088d5ce620cd98e.png

References

Almagro, B. J., Sáenz-López, P., Fierro-Suero, S., & Conde, C. (2020). Perceived Performance, Intrinsic Motivation and Adherence in Athletes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(24), 9441. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249441

Castillo-Jiménez, N., López-Walle, J. M., Tomás, I., Tristán, J., Duda, J. L., & Balaguer, I. (2022). Empowering and Disempowering Motivational Climates, Mediating Psychological Processes, and Future Intentions of Sport Participation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(2), 896. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020896

Choi, H., Jeong, Y., & Kim, S.-K. (2020). The Relationship Between Coaching Behavior and Athlete Burnout: Mediating Effects of Communication and the Coach–Athlete Relationship. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(22), 8618. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228618

Cid, L., Pires, A., Borrego, C., Duarte-Mendes, P., Teixeira, D. S., Moutão, J. M., & Monteiro, D. (2019). Motivational Determinants of Physical Education Grades and the Intention to Practice Sport in the Future. PloS One, 14(5), e0217218. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217218

Currie, C. (2019). Investigating Coach-Athlete Relationships Within a Women’s Masters Sport Team. Thesis. Université d’Ottawa/University of Ottawa.

Davis, L., Jowett, S., & Tafvelin, S. (2019). Communication Strategies: The Fuel for Quality Coach-Athlete Relationships and Athlete Satisfaction. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2156. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02156

de Subijana, C. L., Galatti, L., Moreno, R., & Chamorro, J. L. (2020). Analysis of the Athletic Career and Retirement Depending on the Type of Sport: A Comparison between Individual and Team Sports. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(24), 9265. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249265

Delgado, A. S. A. (2022). The Impact of Coaching on Work-Family Enrichment: The Role of Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Efficacy.

Dixon, M. A., Dabbs, S. M., Graham, J. A., & Hardie, A. (2023). Coach as CEO: Developing a Work-Family Balance Taxonomy for Sport Executives. Managing Sport and Leisure, 28(1), 16–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/23750472.2020.1848447

Duan, Y., Liu, B., & He, Y. (2020). Study on Relationships among Sports Spectator Motivations, Satisfaction and Behavioral Intention: Empirical Evidence from Chinese Marathon. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 21(3), 409–425. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSMS-04-2018-0034

Eather, N., Wade, L., Pankowiak, A., & Eime, R. (2023). The Impact of Sports Participation on Mental Health and Social Outcomes in Adults: A Systematic Review and the ‘Mental Health Through Sport’conceptual Model. Systematic Reviews, 12(1), 102. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-023-02264-8

Gapa, I. J., & Tagare, R. J. (2023). Dropped Interest: Generation Z Students’ Demotivating Reasons on Gradual Dislike on Sports and Recreation. Sportis: Scientific Journal of School Sport, Physical Education and Psychomotricity, 9(1), 98–124. https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2023.9.1.9076

Gomez-Lopez, M., Merino-Barrero, J. A., Manzano-Sánchez, D., & Valero-Valenzuela, A. (2019). A cluster analysis of high-performance handball players’ perceived motivational climate: Implications on motivation, implicit beliefs of ability and intention to be physically active. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 14(4), 541–551. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954119861855

Jowett, S., & Ntoumanis, N. (2004). The Coach–Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART‐Q): Development and Initial Validation. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 14(4), 245–257. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2003.00338.x

Jowett, S., & Arthur, C. (2019). Effective Coaching: The Links between Coach Leadership and Coach-Athlete Relationship—From Theory to Research to Practice. In M. H. Anshel, T. A. Petrie, & J. A. Steinfeldt (Eds.), APA Handbook of Sport and Exercise Psychology: Sport Psychology, 419–449. American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000123-022

Kamachi, K. D. (2020). Leading, Coaching, & Mentoring: A Study of Coach-Athlete Relationships as Associated Factors in Performance. Theses and Dissertations. Pepperdine University.

Martin, N. J. (2020). Fostering Motivation: Understanding the Role Coaches Play in Youth Sport. Strategies, 33(1), 20–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/08924562.2019.1680328

McCarthy, J. J. (2020). Collegiate Coaches’ Descriptions of Managing Resources to Optimize Their Interpersonal and Family Relationships. Dissertation. Capella University.

McEvoy, P. (2022). The Connacht rugby player retention research program. University of Limerick. https://doi.org/10.34961/researchrepository-ul.25256986.v1

Piñeiro-Cossio, J., Fernández-Martínez, A., Nuviala, A., & Pérez-Ordás, R. (2021). Psychological Wellbeing in Physical Education and School Sports: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(3), 864. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18030864

Pulido, J. J., Sánchez-Oliva, D., Sánchez-Miguel, P. A., Amado, D., & García-Calvo, T. (2018). Sport Commitment in Young Soccer Players: A Self-Determination Perspective. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 13(2), 243–252. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954118755443

Ronkainen, N. J., Ryba, T. V, McDougall, M., Tod, D., & Tikkanen, O. (2022). Hobby, Career or Vocation? Meanings in Sports Coaching and Their Implications for Recruitment and Retention of Coaches. Managing Sport and Leisure, 27(4), 381–396. https://doi.org/10.1080/23750472.2020.1803108

Rout, H. (2021). Exploring the Determinants of Coach Identity throughout Coaches’ Careers and the Development of a Coach Identity Scale. PhD Thesis. Victoria University.

Ruslim, N. M., Ee, N. L., Saharun, N., Baharuddin, N., Bakar, N. A. A., & Karim, M. K. A. (2020). The Correlation between Teaching Evaluation and Lecturers’ Performances. Asian Social Science and Humanities Research Journal (ASHREJ), 2(1), 32–37. https://doi.org/10.37698/ashrej.v2i1.21

Seeram, E. (2019). An Overview of Correlational Research. Radiologic Technology, 91(2), 176–179. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31685592/

Stephen, S. A., Habeeb, C. M., & Arthur, C. A. (2022). Congruence of Efficacy Beliefs on the Coach-Athlete Relationship and Athlete Anxiety: Athlete Self-Efficacy and Coach Estimation of Athlete Self-Efficacy. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 58, 102062. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.102062

Tagare, R. L., Mancera, M. A., & Sumera, E. S. (2024). Examining the Influence of Achievement Goals in Sports on the Quality of Life among Students in Philippine Higher Education. Revista Iberoamericana de Psicologia Del Ejercicio y El Deporte, 19(2021), 152–156. https://psykebase.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=9584731

Taherdoost, H. (2022). What are Different Research Approaches? Comprehensive Review of Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Method Research, Their Applications, Types, and Limitations. Journal of Management Science & Engineering Research, 5(1), 53–63. https://doi.org/10.30564/jmser.v5i1.4538

Thomas, D., & Zubkov, P. (2020). Quantitative Research Designs. 103-114.

Tolentino, K. A. G. (2020). Bonds that Build Us: Examining the Impact of the Coach-Athlete Relationship on Mental Toughness Development. Thesis. California State University, Long Beach.

Trevor, D. R., & Vidya, N. (2021). A Review of Factors Considered by the Athletes on Accepting their Sport Coaches. International Journal of Management, Technology and Social Sciences (IJMTS), 6(1), 321–329. https://doi.org/10.47992/IJMTS.2581.6012.0148

Vigário, P., Teixeira, A., & Mendes, F. (2020). Coach-Athlete Dyad: Perception of Psychosocial and Environmental Factors in the Relationship: A Case Study. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias En Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, 37, 666–672. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v37i37.74412

Voelker, D. K., Visek, A. J., Learner, J. L., & DiBiasio, M. (2022). Toward Understanding of Coaches’ Role in Athletes’ Eating Pathology: A Systematic Review and Ecological Application to Advance Research. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 58, 102059. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.102059

Vollenhoven, T. (2018). The Psychological Effects of the Athlete-Coach Relationship on Performance: The Lived Experiences of Female University Athletes. Thesis. University of the Western Cape. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.31225.01129

Wachsmuth, S., & Jowett, S. (2020). Conflict and Communication in Coach–Athlete Relationships. In The Routledge International Encyclopedia of Sport and Exercise Psychology (pp. 192–212). Routledge.

Wekesser, M. M. (2019). Coaches’ Impact on Youth Athletes’ Intentions to Continue Sport Participation: The Mediational Influence of the Coach-Athlete Relationship. Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Georgia Southern University.

Wekesser, M. M., Harris, B. S., Langdon, J., & Wilson Jr, C. H. (2021). Coaches’ Impact on Youth Athletes’ Intentions to Continue Sport Participation: The Mediational Influence of the Coach–Athlete Relationship. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 16(3), 490–499. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954121991817

Wendling, E., Flaherty, M., Sagas, M., & Kaplanidou, K. (2018). Youth Athletes’ Sustained Involvement in Elite Sport: An Exploratory Examination of Elements Affecting Their Athletic Participation. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 13(5), 658–673. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954118757436

Williams, G. (2023). The Influence of Developmental Experiences on the Talent Pathway in Sport. Other Thesis, Dublin City University.

Published

2025-04-16

How to Cite

Elicot, S. K., Java, M. J., Arias, E., Orfrecio, M., & Tagare, R. J. (2025). Coach-athlete relationship and interpersonal behaviour: Influence in youth athlete continuous participation in sports. Journal Sport Area, 10(1), 120–131. https://doi.org/10.25299/sportarea.2025.vol10(1).19114

Issue

Section

RESEARCH ARTICLES
Received 2024-09-14
Accepted 2025-01-13
Published 2025-04-16