The Comparison of Halal Product Supervision Systems in Indonesia and Malaysia: Analysis of Legal Framework, Procedures, and Implementation Effectiveness
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25299/syarikat.2026.vol9(1).21677Keywords:
Halal Product Monitoring, Halal Certification, Legal Framework, BPJPH, JAKIMAbstract
This study aims to compare the halal product monitoring systems in Indonesia and Malaysia, focusing on the legal framework, responsible institutions, and certification and supervision procedures. As two countries with a majority Muslim population, Indonesia and Malaysia have an important role in ensuring the halal status of products circulating in the domestic and international markets. In Indonesia, halal supervision is regulated in Law No. 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Assurance, which establishes the Halal Product Assurance Agency (BPJPH) as the main authority. Meanwhile, Malaysia relies on the Malaysian Department of Islamic Development (JAKIM), which has been internationally recognized as a halal certification authority. The study found that although the two countries have similar standards and regulations, there are significant differences in the implementation of supervision, technology integration, and international recognition. Malaysia excels in implementing an integrated and efficient system, while Indonesia still faces challenges in implementing comprehensive regulations. The findings of this study are expected to be recommendations to improve the effectiveness of halal product monitoring, especially in Indonesia, by taking lessons from the system implemented in Malaysia.
Downloads
References
Akbarizan, A., Hertina, H., Murhayati, S., Nurcahaya, N., Lestari, F., Adzkia, M. D., & Kurniawan, R. (2023). Strategy of halal certifications using the strategic assumption surfacing and testing (SAST) (Case study at Riau, Indonesia). Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management. https://doi.org/10.46254/AN13.20230142
Ashari, R. T. (2021). Pengembangan sistem logistik produk halal di Indonesia. Halal Research Journal, 1(1), 8–19. https://doi.org/10.12962/j22759970.v1i1.13
Arif, M., Umar, H. M., Hamzah, Z., Abd Latib, M. F. B., & Hamsal, H. (2026). Employee performance in Islamic banking: Examining the effects of employee empowerment and organizational commitment. Al-Intaj: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Perbankan Syariah, 12(1), 221-234.
Choi, Y., & Jeong, J. (2019). The determinants of imported food purchase of Muslim consumers in Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 11(6), 1539–1556. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-12-2018-0228
Destyana, M. E., Setyowati, R., Musyafa, A. A., & Akhsanty, A. S. (2024). Self-declare on micro and small restaurant in supporting Muslim-friendly tourism industry. Amwaluna: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah, 8(1), 124–135. https://doi.org/10.29313/amwaluna.v8i1.3447
Gilalo, J. J., Sulistiyono, A., & Harahap, B. (2020). Tinjauan yuridis dalam bukti hukum konsumen dalam makanan halal. Jurnal Ilmiah Living Law, 12(1), 26–38. https://doi.org/10.30997/jill.v12i1.2525
Fadloli, Akbarina, F., Dhakirah, S., Hidayatinnisa', N., & Asiyah, S. (2023). Halal label and store atmosphere impact on purchase decision in Korean restaurants in East Java with religiosity as a mediating variable. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 14(10). https://doi.org/10.7176/JESD/14-10-03
Haron, A. S., Othman, Z., & Wahab, A. (2022). 40 years of Malaysia's Look East Policy and relocation of Indonesia's capital: Serumpun solution in Sarawak–West Kalimantan cross-border halal hub. Journal of Strategic Studies & International Affairs, 2(2), 244–253. https://doi.org/10.17576/sinergi.0202.2022.12
Ibrahim, M. Y., Fauzi, U., Fadillah, N., & Satifa, S. A. (2023). The transformation of halal certification regulations in Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah, 8(2), 183–195. https://doi.org/10.37058/jes.v8i2.8463
Jalaluddin, J., Azhar, A., Muzainah, G., Aseri, M., & Al Amruzi, M. F. (2024). Proliferation of halal regulation and enforcement in Indonesia and Malaysia. Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System, 4(1), 194–208. https://doi.org/10.53955/jhcls.v4i1.126
Lubis, R. H., & Syibromalisi, F. (2023). The role of halal center in increasing sustainable economy in the halal industry sector. Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance Studies, 4(2), 182–196. https://doi.org/10.47700/jiefes.v4i2.6465
Md Salleh, A. S., Romli, F., Mat Salleh, K., & Adnan, A. (2020). Role of internal halal committee in ensuring business sustainability: The case of a multinational slaughter house. Journal of Business Management and Accounting, 10(2), 57–65. https://doi.org/10.32890/jbma2020.10.2.4
Mubarok, F. K., & Imam, M. K. (2020). Halal industry in Indonesia: Challenges and opportunities. Journal of Digital Marketing and Halal Industry, 2(1), 55–64. https://doi.org/10.21580/jdmhi.2020.2.1.5856
Muhammad, M. A., Elistina, A. B., & Ahmad, S. (2020). The challenges faced by halal certification authorities in managing the halal certification process in Malaysia. Food Research, 4(S1), 170–178. https://doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.4(S1).S17
Mukhtasor, M., Ikhwani, H., Pratikto, W. A., Rahmawati, S., Satrio, D., & Sujantoko, S. (2022). Edukasi sistem jaminan halal dan urgensinya bagi masyarakat pesisir penggerak ekonomi kreatif. Sewagati, 6(4), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.12962/j26139960.v6i4.227
Mutmainah, N., Hapidin, A., Ramdhani, M. A., Nuryadin, B. W., Muharir, M., & Ahyani, H. (2022). Global awareness of halal products in Indonesia in era 4.0. Al-Amwal: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Perbankan Syari'ah, 14(1), 14–29. https://doi.org/10.24235/amwal.v14i1.9657
Najmi, A., Ahmed, W., & Jahangir, S. (2023). Firm's readiness for halal food standard adoption: Assessing the importance of traceability system. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 14(8), 1451–1473. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-09-2020-0293
Ningtyas, P. F., Permana, I., Rosa, E. M., & Jaswir, I. (2022). Halal medicine selection process in Sharia-certified hospital. Indonesian Journal of Halal Research, 4(2), 85–96. https://doi.org/10.15575/ijhar.v4i2.16722
Randeree, K. (2019). Demography, demand and devotion: Driving the Islamic economy. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 11(2), 301–319. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-06-2018-0102
Sadiyah, S., & Erawati, E. (2024). Effectiveness of halal traceability and self-declared certification on Indonesian MSMEs performance. Indonesian Journal of Islamic Economic Law, 1(2), 72–90. https://doi.org/10.23917/ijoel.v1i2.4816
Sani, A. (2023). Opportunities and challenges for Indonesian halal certification. Proceeding of the International Seminar on Business, Economics, Social Science and Technology (ISBEST), 3(1). https://doi.org/10.33830/isbest.v3i1.1492
Sariyah, S. (2023). Comparison of halal product assurance system criteria arrangement in Indonesia and Malaysia. International Journal of Environmental, Sustainability, and Social Science, 4(2), 417–429. https://doi.org/10.38142/ijesss.v4i2.344
Uula, M. M. (2024). Study on halal food in Indonesia. Halal Food Studies, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.58968/hfs.v1i1.447
