Pengaruh Penambahan Serat Daun Nanas Terhadap Karakteristik Fisik Bioplastik Berbasis Pati Garut

Abstract

The increasing accumulation of non-biodegradable plastic waste has become an environmental concern, encouraging the development of more environmentally friendly alternative materials, including bioplastics. Starch-based bioplastics are derived from renewable resources; however, their physical properties, particularly those related to interaction with water, require further investigation. This study aimed to analyze the effect of adding pineapple leaf fibers subjected to alkali treatment and bleaching on the physical properties of arrowroot starch-based bioplastics. The bioplastics were prepared using the solution casting method with pineapple leaf fiber concentrations of 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, 1.2%, and 1.5%. The evaluated parameters included density, moisture content, water absorption, and water solubility. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a 5% significance level. The results showed that variations in pineapple leaf fiber concentration had a statistically significant effect on density, moisture content, water absorption, and water solubility (p < 0.05). The highest density was 1.5187 g/cm³ at a concentration of 1.5%. Meanwhile, the lowest moisture content, water absorption, and water solubility were 27.42%, 27.80%, and 35.33%, respectively, all obtained at a concentration of 1.5%. These findings indicate that variations in pineapple leaf fiber concentration affect the physical properties of arrowroot starch-based bioplastics, particularly their interaction with water.