Perlawanan Masyarakat Terhadap Pembangunan Proyek Energi Baru Terbarukan (EBT) Studi Kasus: Rencana Eksplorasi Dan Eksploitasi Geothermal Di Nagari Pandai Sikek

Abstract

This study examines community resistance to the planned geothermal exploration and exploitation project in Nagari Pandai Sikek, Tanah Datar Regency, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The research is grounded in the context of Indonesia’s significant geothermal potential and the government’s commitment to developing renewable energy sources. However, such projects often face opposition from local communities who perceive threats to their environment, social structure, and cultural heritage. The objective of this research is to describe the forms of resistance carried out by the Pandai Sikek community against the geothermal project and to analyze them using James C. Scott’s theory of resistance. This study employs a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation from key informants and supporting informants, including community members, village officials, relevant government agencies, and the project developer. The findings reveal two main forms of resistance: open resistance (public transcript) and hidden resistance (hidden transcript). Open resistance includes demonstrations, banners, public statements, and formal rejection letters, while hidden resistance manifests through gossip, satire, silent boycotts, and the spread of negative issues. The resistance is driven by concerns over environmental degradation, loss of water sources, potential natural disasters, threats to communal land rights, limited public consultation, and the lack of meaningful community involvement in decision-making. Internal conflicts within the community and between local leaders and residents further intensify the opposition. In conclusion, the patterns of resistance observed align with Scott’s concept, where subordinate groups employ both public and covert strategies to defend their living space and local wisdom. This study highlights that the success of renewable energy projects, particularly geothermal development, depends not only on technical and economic feasibility but also on fostering transparent communication, ensuring meaningful public participation, and respecting local socio-cultural and ecological values.