Correlation of CBR Values and Mackintosh Probe on Clay Soil with Variations of Bentonite, Kaolin and Sand

Soewignjo Agus Nugroho; Ferry Fatnanta; Gunawan Wibisono; Muliyono

doi:10.25299/jgeet.2025.10.4.24252

Authors

Soewignjo Agus Nugroho Soil Mechanics, Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Riau, HR Soebrantas, Simpang Baru, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
Ferry Fatnanta Soil Mechanics, Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Riau, HR Soebrantas, Simpang Baru, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
Gunawan Wibisono Soil Mechanics, Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Riau, HR Soebrantas, Simpang Baru, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
Muliyono Center for Peatland and Disaster Studies (PUI-CPDS) , Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Riau, HR Soebrantas, Pekanbaru, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25299/jgeet.2025.10.4.24252

Keywords:

Coastal area, Clay, Sand, CBR, Mackintosh Probe

Abstract

Coastal areas are typically characterized by non-uniform soil properties, often featuring soft, water-saturated soils with high plasticity, which frequently results in low soil bearing capacity. This study aims to investigate the relationship between California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values and Mackintosh Probe (MP) test results by utilizing a mixture of clay soil comprising bentonite and kaolin with sand in various compositions. These mixtures were prepared as laboratory test samples to simulate the soil conditions in these areas. The primary objective of this research is to develop a faster and more efficient alternative method for estimating soil bearing capacity in coastal regions. A total of 81 samples were prepared with variations in moisture content, compaction levels, and the composition of sand and clay mixtures. Testing was conducted using both CBR and MP methods. The analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between MP and CBR values, represented by the linear regression model: CBR = 0.7498 * MP, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.9542. This indicates that approximately 95.42% of the variation in CBR values can be predicted from the MP test results. The model's accuracy was further validated through training and testing using 5 randomly selected data points from the sample set. The findings suggest that the Mackintosh Probe can serve as a preliminary tool for estimating soil bearing capacity in coastal areas, particularly in field conditions where laboratory equipment is limited. However, for broader applicability, further validation of this model is necessary to accommodate more complex soil conditions in the field.

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