4D Seismic Inversion and Rock Physic Modeling to Monitor CO2 Injection at Carbon Capture and Storage Project in The Utsira Formation, Sleipner Field, North Sea, Norway
Abstract
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is used at Sleipner Field due to the implementation of a carbon emission tax off the coast of Norway. This project causes the fluid at the Utsira Formation as a reservoir to be replaced by CO2, so the elastic property of the reservoir rock will change. Because of that, the 3D seismic survey was carried out in 1994 (baseline) and re-acquisition in 2001 (monitor) to observe CO2 distribution and changes in rock properties. This study aims to monitor the distribution of CO2 as well as changes in reservoir rock's acoustic and elastic parameters. This research performed the cross-equalization, 4D Seismic Inversion model-based, and rock physics modeling process. From data processing, obtained information that CO2 spreads laterally, then moves to the northeast and does not penetrate the overburden. Also, we get the NRMS value of 0.443068 and the cross-correlation value of 0.907426. 4D Inversion results reveal a change in the reflector at the reservoir zone, as indicated by the velocity pushdown caused for a decrease in seismic velocity owing to CO2. In addition, rock physics modeling provides that changes occur in bulk modulus, Vp, Vs, density, and AI. From the process, there are differences in AI values where the Inversion results show a decrease in AI values of 2.9%, while rock physics modeling shows a 12% reduction.
Full text article
References
Ayeni, G., & Biondi, B. (2011). Time-lapse seismic imaging by linearized joint inversion – A Valhall Field case study. SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1190/segam2012-0903.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1190/segam2012-0903.1
Chadwick, A., Arts, R., Bernstone, C., May, F., Thibeau, S., & Zweigel, P (2008). Best Practice for the Storage of CO2 in Saline Aquifers. Nottingham: British Geological Survey.
Furre, A, K., Eiken, O., Alnes, H., Vevatne, J.N., & Kiær, A.F. (2019). 20 Years of Monitoring CO2-injection at Sleipner. Energy Procedia, 114, 3916-3926 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.1523 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.1523
IPCC. (2005). Carbon Dioxide Capture and Sorage. Metz, B., et al (Eds.) USA: Cambridge University Press. https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/03/srccs_wholereport-1.pdf
Lumley, D. E. (2001). Time‐lapse seismic reservoir monitoring. Geophysics, 66(1), 50-53. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1444921 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1444921
Ross, C. P., Cunningham, G. B., & Weber, D.P. (1996). Inside the crossequalization black box. The Leading Edge, 15(11), 1233-1240. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1437231 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1437231
Zweigel, P., Arts. R., Lother, A. E., & Lindeberg, E. B. G. (2004). Reservoir geology of the Utsira Formation at the first industrial-scale underground CO2 storage site (Sleipner area, North Sea). Geological Society, 233, 165-180. https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2004.233.01.11 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2004.233.01.11
Authors
This is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. The copyright in the text of individual articles (including research articles, opinion articles, and abstracts) is the property of their respective authors, subject to a Creative Commons CC-BY-SA licence granted to all others. JEEE allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and allows the author to retain publishing rights without restrictions.