Pengaruh Tiang Terhadap Kapasitas Dukung Pelat dan Modulus Reaksi Tanah-Dasar pada Tanah Gambut
The Effect of Pile on the Bearing Capacity of the Plate and the Modulus of Subgrade Reaction on Peat Soil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25299/saintis.2021.vol21(02).7546Keywords:
tiang, kapasitas dukung, defleksi, modulus reaksi tanah dasarAbstract
[ID] Lahan gambut yang tersebar luas dapat menghambat pengembangan infrastruktur, karena tanah ini termasuk jenis tanah bermasalah sebagai tanah dasar. Tanah gambut memiliki penurunan yang tinggi dan kapasitas dukung rendah. Tiang perkuatan memiliki potensi dalam mengurangi penurunan, meningkatkan kapasitas dukung dan modulus reaksi tanah-dasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kapasitas dukung dan modulus reaksi tanah-dasar pada pelat yang diperkuat tiang tunggal. Penelitian dilakukan pada bak uji yang diisi dengan tanah gambut sedalam 50 cm. Tiang dari bahan bambu, kayu, dan beton dipancang dalam tanah gambut. Panjang tiang yang digunakan adalah 10-40 cm dan diameter pelat beton sebesar 10 cm. Uji beban pelat dilakukan pada pelat tanpa dan dengan perkuatan tiang untuk mendapatkan nilai kapasitas dukung dan modulus reaksi tanah-dasar. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa jenis dan panjang tiang berpengaruh pada nilai kapasitas dukung, deleksi, dan modulus reaksi tanah-dasar. Tiang yang lebih panjang menghasilkan kapasitas dukung dan modulus reaksi tanah-dasar yang tinggi dan defleksi yang semakin rendah. Kapasitas dukung meningkat 20% untuk tiang bambu, 22% untuk tiang kayu, dan 25% untuk tiang beton. Peningkatan modulus reaksi tanah-dasar didapatkan pada defleksi pelat maksimum 20% dari diameter pelat. Peningkatan tertinggi untuk tiang bambu sebesar 103%, tiang kayu 128%, dan tiang beton sebesar 160%. Panjang tiang yang memberikan hasil maksimal dalam mereduksi penurunan, meningkatkan kapasitas dukung, dan meningkatkan modulus reaksi tanah-dasar adalah 80% dari tebal lapisan tanah gambut. Nilai modulus reaksi tanah-dasar semakin tinggi seiring dengan peningkatan kapasitas dukung dan pengurangan defleksi.
[EN] Widespread peatlands can prevent infrastructure development, because this soil is classified as problematic soil types as subgrade. Peat soil has high settlement and low bearing capacity. Reinforcement pile has the potential to reduce settlement, increase bearing capacity and modulus of subgrade reaction. This study aims to determine the bearing capacity and modulus of subgrade reaction on a single pile reinforced slab. The study was conducted in a test box filled with peat soil as deep as 50 cm. Pile made of bamboo, wood, and concrete are driven in peat soil. The length of the pile used is 10-40 cm and the diameter of the concrete slab is 10 cm. The plate load test was conducted on slabs without and with reinforced piles to obtain the value of the bearing capacity and modulus of subgrade reaction. The results showed that the type and length of the pile affect the value of the bearing capacity, deflection, and modulus of subgrade reaction. Longer piles result in higher bearing capacity and modulus of subgrade reaction and lower deflection. The bearing capacity increased by 20% for bamboo pile, 22% for wooden pile, and 25% for concrete pile. An increase in the modulus of subgrade reaction is obtained at a maximum slab deflection of 20% of the slab diameter. The highest increase for bamboo pile is 103%, wooden pile is 128%, and concrete pile is 160%. The length of the pile that gives maximum results in reducing settlement, increasing bearing capacity, and increasing the modulus of subgrade reaction is 80% of the thickness of the peat soil layer. The value of the modulus of subgrade reaction is higher as the bearing capacity increases and the deflection decreases.
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