Karakteristik Beton Berpori dengan Pemanfaatan Limbah Serat Bambu sebagai Material Ramah Lingkungan
Characteristics of Pervious Concrete Utilizing Bamboo Fiber Waste as an Environmentally Sustainable Material
Keywords:
Beton berpori, Serat bambu, KUAT TEKAN, LAJU INFILTRASIAbstract
[IN] Perkembangan material maju dengan pemanfaatan limbah serat alami berupa serat bambu memiliki potensi besar karena sifat mekaniknya yang baik, seperti peningkatan kekuatan tarik, ketersediaannya yang melimpah, sifat kembang-susut yang rendah, tidak berpotensi korosi, serta merupakan sumber daya alam yang mudah dibudidayakan dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik beton berpori dengan pemanfaatan limbah serat bambu. Metode penelitian berupa studi eksperimental di laboratorium dengan variasi penambahan serat sebesar 0%, 0,5%, 0,6%, 0,7%, 0,8%, dan 0,9% terhadap berat semen, dengan panjang serat 25 mm. Pengujian kuat tekan mengacu pada SNI 03-6825-2002, sedangkan pengujian laju infiltrasi mengacu pada ASTM C1701. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan kuat tekan signifikan hingga variasi 0,8%, dengan nilai optimum sebesar 26,10 MPa, dibandingkan beton tanpa serat bambu. Namun, pada variasi 0,9% terjadi penurunan kuat tekan menjadi 23,98 MPa. Laju infiltrasi beton berpori menurun bertahap seiring bertambahnya kandungan serat, dari 65.833,69 mm/jam (0%) menjadi 47.201,56 mm/jam (0,9%), tetapi seluruh variasi tetap memenuhi standar kategori tinggi (>15.000 mm/jam). Uji statistik ANOVA satu arah menunjukkan bahwa variasi serat bambu berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kuat tekan dan laju infiltrasi. Dengan demikian, pemanfaatan limbah serat bambu mampu meningkatkan kekuatan tekan beton berpori tanpa menghilangkan fungsi infiltrasinya secara drastis. Penelitian ini mendukung potensi serat bambu sebagai material alternatif berkelanjutan dalam pengembangan beton berpori untuk aplikasi perkerasan maupun saluran resapan.
[EN] The development of advanced materials through the utilization of natural fiber waste, such as bamboo fiber, holds great potential due to its favorable mechanical properties, including improved tensile strength, abundant availability, low shrinkage–swelling behavior, non-corrosive nature, and ease of cultivation as a sustainable resource. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of pervious concrete incorporating bamboo fiber waste. The research method was an experimental laboratory study with fiber addition variations of 0%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, and 0.9% by cement weight, with a fiber length of 25 mm. Compressive strength testing referred to SNI 03-6825-2002, while infiltration rate testing followed ASTM C1701. The results showed a significant increase in compressive strength up to the 0.8% variation, with an optimum value of 26.10 MPa, compared to concrete without bamboo fiber. However, at 0.9% variation, compressive strength decreased to 23.98 MPa. The infiltration rate of porous concrete gradually decreased with increasing fiber content, from 65,833.69 mm/h (0%) to 47,201.56 mm/h (0.9%), yet all variations still met the high-category standard (>15,000 mm/h). One-way ANOVA statistical analysis indicated that bamboo fiber variation had a significant effect on both compressive strength and infiltration rate. Thus, the utilization of bamboo fiber waste can enhance the compressive strength of porous concrete without drastically reducing its infiltration function. This study supports the potential of bamboo fiber as a sustainable alternative material in the development of porous concrete for pavement and infiltration channel applications.
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