Proceedings of the International Conference on Agriculture Strategy for Sustainability (ICASS)
Agricultural Transformation Towards Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals
The threats to achieving sustainable growth and development of agriculture vis a vis the sustainable development goals (SDGs) call for intensifying agricultural innovations. This paper highlights some advances in the agricultural transformation towards achieving the SDGs. Agriculture is being transformed via increasing productivity, enhancing natural resources, fostering inclusive growth, improving resilience to climate change, and adopting appropriate governance. Moreover, agricultural productivity is being enhanced through high value addition, job creation, access to resources, finance, and service must be enhanced. In championing these aspirations, ensuing Agriculture 5.0 in conjunction with the Industrial Revolution 4.0 will be at the forefront. The agricultural sector, needs to be connected to markets, agricultural income needs to be diversified, and the knowledge base of agricultural stakeholders needs to be strengthened through skilling. Resource optimization is essential for protecting natural resources. Empowering marginalized groups, social protection, sustainable land tenures could spur the socio-economic growth of farmers. Climate change and ecosystem challenges need to be handled to build resilience. These narratives must be supported by strengthened by policies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Proceedings of the International Conference on Agriculture Strategy for Sustainability (ICASS)
The Role of Chemistry in Modern Farming: Bridging Agriculture and Sustainable Development
Chemistry plays an important role in farming and plantation activities. This extends to the discovery and use of inorganic and organic compounds (many of which are not chemically identified but are indirectly utilized through best practices and passed down through generations) that boost plant growth and inhibit pests and other forms of damage. The evolution of agriculture, from early farming methods to modern scientific techniques, highlights the impact of chemical compounds on enhancing plant health and the development of smart farming technologies. These chemical innovations contribute to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with a particular focus on sustainability, environmental protection, and agricultural efficiency.
Effect of Rice Seed Treatment with Beauveria bassiana on Salicylic Acid Content and Population of Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.)
The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stal., is a significant pest that adversely affects rice yields. Utilizing Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. as a biological control agent offers a sustainable solution to combat this pest. This study investigated the impact of B. bassiana applied via rice seed treatment for 24 hours on BPH population dynamics and salicylic acid levels in rice stems. The experiment followed a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and five replications, including four B. bassiana isolates (BbJg, BbWS, Pb211, Td312) and a control. A concentration of 10⁸ conidia/ml was applied uniformly across treatments. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA and LSD at a 5% significance level. Results indicated that B. bassiana treatment significantly suppressed BPH populations. The BbWS isolate demonstrated the lowest egg hatch rate (28.39%), outperforming other treatments. While the number of adult BPH remained unaffected, a notable reduction in 4th and 5th instar nymphs was observed. Furthermore, all isolates elevated salicylic acid content in rice stems, peaking at 47.87 ppm, as measured using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The BbWS isolate emerged as the most effective in curbing BPH and boosting salicylic acid levels. These findings underscore the potential of B. bassiana seed treatment as an effective strategy for BPH management and enhancing plant defense mechanisms through increased salicylic acid production.
The Effect of Catfish (Clarias Sp.) Wastewater LOF Concentration and Nitrogen Fertilizer Dosage on The Production of Ridge Gourd (Luffa acutangula L. Roxb)
The ridge gourd is a horticultural product that has a pleasant, fresh flavor and health advantages. Due to limited consumption and production, there is no data on the production and harvest area of ridge gourd in institutions. Based on a market survey, the price of ridge gourds is quite profitable for the development of ridge gourd. Therefore, this study aims to determine the main interaction effect of liquid organic fertilizer from catfish wastewater and N fertilizer on ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula L.Roxb) production. The study used a completely randomized factorial design consisting of two factors. The first factor was liquid organic fertilizer from catfish wastewater which consists of 4 levels: 0, 200, 400 and 600 ml/L per plant. While the second factor was N fertilizer consisting of 4 levels: 0, 20, 25, 30 g/plot. The parameters observed were flowering age, harvest age, number of flowers, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight per plant, fruit length per plant, number of remaining fruits per plant. Furthermore, the data were analyzed statistically and continued at the HSD test at the 5% level. The results showed that both the main factors and the interaction of liquid organic fertilizer from catfish wastewater and N fertilizer affected all observation parameters. The best treatment was found in the concentration 600 ml/L per plant of liquid organic fertilizer from catfish wastewater and 30 g/plot of N fertilizer.
Distribution of Agroclimatic Zones in Aceh Tamiang District Based on Oldeman Climate Classification Results
Climate change will affect agriculture through its impact on the growth, development and production of its crops. Cultivation of short-lived crops such as rice is the agricultural sector most affected by climate change. Estimation of rice productivity in the future is needed to develop strategies for anticipation and adaptation in the agricultural sector so that food security is maintained. Estimation of agricultural production can be done with several approaches, one of which is the approach to changes in climate elements. The purpose of this study was to determine the agroclimate zone, determine the suitability of production and land suitability for rice cultivation based on Oldeman's climate classification. This study uses secondary data analysis, namely rainfall data for 10 years which is then interpolated with the Arc GIS application. The results of the study showed that of the 6 sub-districts analyzed for rainfall, only Rantau Sub-district has a climate zone B1 (suitable for rice cultivation), 1 sub-district (Karang Baru) is in zone C1 and 4 sub-districts (Bendahara, Banda Mulia, Seruway and Karang Baru) are in Zone C2. Rice production must adapt to climate change due to rainfall and shifts in agro-climate zones. Rice production in Aceh Tamiang Regency in sub-districts with decreasing land suitability levels requires monitoring of agro-climate conditions and planning.
The Effect of Salicylic Acid on Two Varieties on the Growth and Production of Rice Plants (Oryza sativa L.) in Salin Soil With a Floating Paddy System
This research aims to evaluate the interaction effects and main influences of salicylic acid application and two rice varieties on the growth and yield of rice cultivated in saline soil using a floating rice field system. The study was carried out in the experimental greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic University of Riau, located on Kaharudin Nasution Street Km 11, Air Dingin Village, Bukit Raya District, Pekanbaru City. The experiment spanned five months, from February to June 2024. A Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was employed, involving two factors: the first factor was salicylic acid at four concentrations (0, 30, 60, and 90 mg/L of water), while the second factor included two rice varieties, namely Inpari 34 Salin and Batang Piaman. Observed parameters encompassed plant height, flowering time, stomatal count, chlorophyll levels, tiller number, harvest time, panicle length, grain weight, and root volume. Data from the final observations were analyzed statistically using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), followed by an Honest Significant Difference (HSD) test at a 5% significance level. The results indicated that the interaction between salicylic acid and the two varieties significantly influenced grain weight and root volume. The optimal combination was observed in the Batang Piaman variety treated with 90 mg/L of salicylic acid. Furthermore, the main effect of salicylic acid significantly affected stomatal count and chlorophyll content, with the best outcome achieved at 90 mg/L of salicylic acid. Regarding the variety factor, significant effects were noted for panicle length, grain weight, and root volume, with Batang Piaman emerging as the superior variety. Based on these findings, further studies on floating rice systems using the Batang Piaman variety, known for its salinity tolerance, are recommended to optimize rice production in saline environments.
Effects of Piper aduncum Extract on Snail Mortality in Moringa Cultivation
Synthetic pest control has negatively impacted the environment. Piper aduncum (forest betel) is a wild plant with potential as a botanical pesticide. Snails often attack 1-3 month-old moringa seedlings, and forest betel has pesticidal properties that can eliminate the snails attack. This research objective was identify effective part of forest betel to control snail. This research was conduct on the Forest Fiber Technology Research and Development Center (BP2TSTH)’s nursery on Kuok, Kampar, Riau. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments and five replications. Extract from forest betel fruit, twigs, and leaves were applied to snails on moringa seedlings, and the effects were observed for initial death, lethal time 50 (LT50), and daily mortality. Result indicated that botanical pesticides extracted from the fruit, twigs, and leaves of forest betel have similar abilities to control snails on moringa. However, each extract showed low efficacy, affecting only 40–60% of the snails, with initial death times ranging from 6.4 to 8.8 hours after application and LT50 values of 21 to 46.4 hours.
The Effect of Organic NPK and Auxin on the Growth of Oil Palm Seedlings (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in Peat Soil Media in Pre Nursery
This study aims to determine the effect of interaction and the main organic NPK and auxin on the growth of oil palm seedlings (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in peat soil media in the pre-nursery. The study was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Riau Islamic University, Pekanbaru. This study lasted for 4 months from March to June 2024. This research use factorial complete randomize design of two factors. The first factor is organic NPK consisting of 4 levels, namely 0, 25, 50 and 75 g/plant and the second factor is auxin consisting of 4 levels, namely 0, 3, 6 and 9 ml/l. There are 16 treatment combinations with 3 replications. The parameters observed were plant height, number of leaf, longest leaf stalk length, stem diameter, primary root length, root volume and plant dry weight. The data were analyzed statistically and continued with the 5% HSD test. The results showed that the interaction of organic NPK and auxin had a significant effect on the parameters of root volume and plant dry weight. The best treatment was given a combination of organic NPK 75 g/plant and auxin 6 ml/l of water. The main effect of organic NPK gave a significant effect on all observation parameters with the best treatment of organic NPK at a dose of 75 g/plant. The main effect of auxin gave a significant effect on all parameters except the number of leaf stalks with the best treatment of auxin at a dose of 6 ml/l of water.
Effect of Distillation Duration on Patchouli Oil Utilizing Steam and Water Techniques
Patchouli oil is derived through distillation. This study sought to assess the impact of distillation duration on the output and quality of patchouli oil through steam and water distillation methods. This study employed a fully randomized design with treatments based on distillation length, incorporating four replications. The treatments in this study consisted of distillation times of 4 hours, 6 hours, 8 hours, and 10 hours. The variables in this study are yield, specific gravity, refractive index, and acid number. Statistical analysis was conducted using analysis of variance (ANOVA), subsequently followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the 5% significance level. The research findings indicate that distillation time significantly influences yield, specific gravity, refractive index, and acid number. The alcohol concentration of patchouli oil exceeds 30%. The chosen treatments from this study include a distillation duration of 10 hours, yielding yellow-brown patchouli oil with a 2.23% yield, a specific gravity of 0.973, a refractive index of 1.514, an acid number of 0.5439, and 36.68% patchouli alcohol.
The Analysis of the Social Sustainability of Integrated Pest Management in Rice Fields in Riau Province
The study on the social sustainability of integrated pest management in lowland rice fields in Riau Province was conducted from February to June 2024. The investigation encompassed four regencies: Kampar, Siak, Bengkalis, and Rokan Hilir. The research locations were purposefully chosen in accordance with the National Integrated Pest Management Program's allocation for lowland rice fields in Riau Province. A total of 729 respondents were selected for the study, with a 7% margin of error for the population of farmer households in each regency, using the Slovin formula. The Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) method was employed to conduct data analysis using the Rapid Appraisal program. The objective of the investigation was to ascertain the sustainability index and status of the social dimension, as well as the attributes that contribute the most to the sustainability of the social dimension in integrated pest management in lowland rice fields in Riau Province. The results indicated that Siak Regency, Bengkalis, and Rokan Hilir were fairly sustainable (>50%), with a social sustainability index and status of 69.12%, 60.13%, and 57.86%, respectively. Kampar Regency achieved a score of 47.14%, which suggests that it was less sustainable (<50%). In general, Riau Province's IPM was classified as fairly sustainable (>50%), with a social sustainability index and status of 58.56%. Attending training, farming experience, farmer motivation in implementing IPM technology, local wisdom in pest control, periodic observations, and farmer education levels were the most influential attributes for sustainability. The correlation (R2) value was 0.94, and the maximal stress value for all regenceis were 0.15.
Analysis of the Sustainability of Integrated Pest Management Technology of Rice Field in The Riau Province
This research was conducted from February to June 2024 in the rice field farming areas of Riau Province in four selected districts, namely Kampar, Siak, Bengkalis and Rokan Hilir Regencies. The location selection was carried out intentionally based on the placement of the national Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program for rice fields in Riau Province. Determination of respondents using the Slovin formula with a margin of error of 7 percent of the population of farmer households in each district. Data analysis using the Rapid Appraisal program with the Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) method. The purpose of the study was to determine the index and sustainability status and what attributes are most decisive for the sustainability of the integrated pest management technology dimension of rice fields in Riau Province. The results of the study showed that the index and sustainability status of the technology dimension of Kampar Regency (44.05%), Siak (48.01%), Bengkalis (45.17%) and Rokan Hilir (44.11%). In general, the index and sustainability status of IPM technology dimension in Riau Province (45.34%), meaning it is included in the less sustainable category (<50). The most determining attributes for sustainability are chemical, mechanical, biological control, combination of control, weed control and technical culture. The maximum stress value for all districts is 0.15 with a Correlation result of 0.94.
Combination of Ovaprim and Oxytocin Hormones for Growth and Survival of Betok Fish (Anabas testudineus)
Analyzing the administration of a combined dose of the hormone ovaprim and oxytocin on ovulation and spawning of betok fish (A. testudineus) and analyzing the concentration of the hormone estradiol-17β in the blood before injection of the hormone ovaprim and oxytocin and after spawning. The method in this study used a completely randomized design consisting of five treatments and three replications consisting of 100% ovaprim + 0% oxytocin, 75% ovaprim + 25% oxytocin, 50% ovaprim + 50% oxytocin, 25% ovaprim + 75% oxytocin and 0% ovaprim + 100% oxytocin with a hormone injection dose of 0.5 mL/kg weight of broodstock betok fish. The results of this research are. The results of the research are that giving the hormone 50% ovaprim + 50% oxytocin is a treatment that can accelerate the growth of betok fish larvae, namely 3.84 cm and then the hormone 50% ovaprim + 50% oxytocin is a treatment that can increase the survival rate of betook fish by 97.45%.
Analysis of BINA KARYA Onion Chips MSMEs on Marketing Aspects in Business Feasibility Studies
This study is on the market and marketing aspects of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) BINA KARYA Onion Chips with the aim of understanding the size, structure, and market opportunities that can be utilized. The analysis shows a significant share of onion chips as a favorite snack for the community, and the marketing strategy developed involves a marketing mix, focusing on superior products with various flavors, affordable prices, production locations at the business owner's home, and online and offline promotions. Friendly service and an emphasis on product quality are the focus of sales, while brand development strategies are identified as key to facing tight market competition. Constraints such as the availability of raw materials and business regulations are of particular concern, while adaptation to market dynamics and online marketing strategies are recognized as key factors. Using descriptive qualitative methods through interviews, observations, and data analysis, this study provides a comprehensive picture of the marketing aspects of MSMEs Onion Chips, highlights the challenges and opportunities faced, and provides valuable insights for MSMEs to achieve sustainability and success in a dynamic business environment
Stakeholder-Centric KPIs: Enhanching Company Performance Evaluation
In process of performance evaluation performance measurement ir is important to define the needs, capacities and contributions of stakeholders. The object of this paper is a service and consulting company, namely PT. X. For the present, the company only carry out performance evaluations based on a financial perspective without considering a more comprehensive point of view. Therefore, performance measurement or benchmarking in this research requires appropriate components and meaningful key performance indicators (KPIs). To obtain comprehensive measurement results, this research used four perspectives from Performance Prism (PP) Model. These perspectives consist of company investors, employees and suppliers and customers. This research begins by identifying KPIs for each perspective based on in-depth interview with top manager and the owner of the company. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) model was used to sort and ensure that each KPI was assessed objectively and its weight reflects its importance in the context of the company's goals. To provide the company with and help measure the performance of areas that need to be improved (weaknesses) and those that are working well (strengths), the Objective Matrix (OMAX) method is used. OMAX can also be an approach that can provide useful information for companies in making strategic decisions, such as business planning and development. This research result offers a good and implementable performance measurement metrics that it can be used by a researcher, manager or company owner in certain companies, especially service and consulting companies in the same or different countries.
A model framework for coordinating the upstream supply chain of sago-based food MSMEs
The micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) engaged in sago-based food production have not been running optimally. One concern is related to the management of raw material procurement (sago starch), which involves relationships with suppliers. This study aims to build a model framework for coordinating sago food MSMEs and sago starch suppliers. First, identification and analysis were conducted on the sago food MSME supply chain in Kepulauan Meranti, Riau, Indonesia. Second, the required coordination between MSMEs and suppliers was discussed using optimization models that incorporated assumptions, parameters, and decision variables​​. The model framework can assist sago food MSMEs in planning related to coordination with suppliers. Thus, it is expected that optimization of the coordination system can lead to increased performance and competitiveness of the MSMEs sago food supply chain.
The SWOT Analysis for Local Product Distribution Strategy inEmpat Balai Village, Kampar Regency
Efficient and effective distribution is essential to connect local products with a wider market. Currently, the distribution pattern used is less efficient in reaching more consumers, as a result, the product is not recognized by many people and market demand is low. The distribution chain of local products in Empat Balai Village is disrupted, due to the scarcity of products in the market, the products produced are few and are only able to meet the demand of the local community or around the village. The development of local product distribution in Empat Balai Village has the potential to contribute to the development of the village economy. Local products that are successfully distributed more widely can make a positive contribution to increasing the competitiveness and image of the region as a center for developing typical products that are in demand by consumers both within and outside the area.The research used is descriptive method and using the SWOT analysis. The data needed are secondary data and primary data. The data collection technique used is by conducting field surveys, interviews, and documentation. The data obtained is then analyzed using SWOT analysis to determine the factors that are the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the local product distribution strategy in Empat Balai Village. The results of the study obtained from the SWOT diagram are that the company is in Quadrant I, which is positive and positive. The recommended strategy is Aggressive Strategy, meaning that local products are in a very profitable situation because they can use their strengths to take advantage of existing opportunities and have great opportunities to grow and develop.
Marketing Development Strategy for Grapes of Hani Farm in Tangkerang Labuai Subdistrict Bukit Raya District Pekanbaru City
Hani Farm vineyard was one of the vineyards in Pekanbaru City which is well cultivated and had produced products for commercial purposes. The aim of this research was to analyze the business profile and formulate a strategy for developing grape cultivation at the Hani Farm Vineyard business in Tangkerang Labuai Village, Bukit Raya District, Pekanbaru City. The method used in this research was the survey method. This research was located in Tangkerang Labuai Village, Bukit Raya District, Pekanbaru City. The respondents for this research consisted of 1 business owner and 2 employees taken by census. The data analysis used was descriptive analysis and SWOT analysis. The Hani Farm Vineyard was able of produced approximately 105 kg of grapes per harvest season in March and August, so it can be calculated that in a year this business can produce 210 kg of grapes per kilo with the Trans variety as the variety that produced the most grapes every year. Based on the IFE and EFE Matrix, grape farming was in quadrant I. Using SWOT analysis, the strategy used was the SO strategy, where to be able to develop the business further, business actors must expand their marketing network in various forms, starting from online and offline, developing innovation to make processed products. from grapes in order to reduce the decline in consumer interest, and increase partnerships between grape farmers, especially in the Pekanbaru area.
The Development Strategy of Micro Small Medium Enterprises in Sungai Buluh Village, Singkep Barat District, Kepulauan Riau Province
To stimulate regional economic growth, every region should fully explore the potential for local resource-based economic development. According to data from the Department of Manpower, Cooperatives, Micro Small Medium Enterprises Industry of Lingga Regency, the number of micro-small medium-sized processing industries in Singkep Barat District significantly increased from 22 units in 2014 to 53 units in 2019. The objective of this study is to formulate a development strategy for micro-small-medium enterprises. The resulting development strategy will be devised using the IFAS EFAS analysis method. The primary data was gathered through observations, interviews, questionnaires, and a review of relevant secondary documents. The findings revealed that all cracker producers source raw materials locally, with 58% of the raw materials derived from fish, shrimp, and squid, and high satisfaction with their quality. Despite the utilisation of traditional equipment such as bamboo and zinc, our study found that 51% of employers rely on local workers like family members and neighbours. Additionally, 77% of entrepreneurs fund their ventures using their own capital, with others resorting to bank loans or cooperatives. Notably, 89% of entrepreneurs market their products to shops and kiosks. The micro-small medium business industry boasts a high potential, with an average score of 88.6 (strongly agree), while the average score indicating issues in the industry's development stands at 74.525. Based on the results of the IFAS EFAS analysis, there are four priority-based strategies, including augmenting product marketing, expanding promotional efforts, increasing public awareness to safeguard sea and existing resources, and suggest providing a drying place to address industry needs.
Food Security Policy Innovation: The Role ofthe Riau Food and Horticulture Department in Achieving Self-Sufficiency
Food security is a strategic aspect of sustainable regional development. The Department of Food and Horticulture of Riau plays a crucial role in achieving food self-sufficiency through various policy innovations. This study aims to analyze the innovative policies implemented in the food security sector in Riau Province and identify the challenges faced in their implementation. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques including literature review, interviews, and observations. The results show that several policy innovations have been implemented, including integrated agricultural development, diversification of local food products, farmer empowerment, regulatory strengthening, and the development of food distribution infrastructure. These policies have had a positive impact on increasing agricultural production, food price stability, and farmer welfare. However, several challenges remain in policy implementation, such as limited human resources (HR) among farmers, restricted access to capital, climate change, and uneven food distribution. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that the policy innovations implemented by the Department of Food and Horticulture of Riau have contributed to food self-sufficiency efforts, although there are still obstacles that need to be addressed. Therefore, the recommendations proposed include improving agricultural infrastructure and technology, empowering farmers' human resources, providing broader access to capital, and strengthening food protection policies. Collaboration between the government, the private sector, and the community is also a key factor in supporting the sustainability of food security in Riau Province.
Agro-Industry Business Analysis and Marketing Mix of Catfish Fillets Cv Graha Pratama Fish Sub-District XIII Koto Kampar District Kampar Province Riau
Agroindustry is a sub-system of agribusiness that processes raw materials from the agricultural sector to increase added value and create employment opportunities. This study analyzes: 1) Characteristics of patin fish fillet agro-industry entrepreneurs and business; 2) The use of raw and supporting materials, labor, processing technology, as well as the production, production costs, prices, income, efficiency, and added value of catfish fillet agro-industry; 3) Marketing Strategy. This research was conducted using a purposive sampling method in the CV Graha Pratama cases in Koto Mesjid Village, XIII Koto Kampar District, Kampar Regency, for 6 months from March 2023 to September 2023. The data collection consists of primary and secondary data. The results showed that the entrepreneur is 61 years old and has post-graduate education, while having 11 years of business experience, and the number of family dependents is 4. The processed catfish fillet agro-industry business is considered a micro business scale. The use of catfish raw materials is 350 kg/production process, with a total production of 330 kg/process. The technology used is semi-modern and simple. Gross revenue per production process IDR 17,450,000. Net income per production process IDR 7,069,164 with an RCR value of 1.68 and added value obtained of IDR 4,878/Kg. The marketing mix includes Products sold, consisting of one variation of catfish fillets with a price range of 1kg Rp. 53,000, where entrepreneurs have a shop outlet called CV Graha Pratama Fish. Promotion from sellers directly to consumers by being able to come directly to CV Graha Fish outlets/stores in Koto Kampar Village, Business actors sell catfish fillets assisted by family members, physical evidence, namely catfish fillets, the process of buying and selling transactions between catfish fillet business actors and consumers.
Influence of Characteristics Businessman to Business Success in MSMEs Keris Roundabout in Pekanbaru City
The research conducted by the author aims to see the influence of entrepreneurial characteristics toward business success at UMKM Bundaran Keris in Pekanbaru City, a survey of which was conducted on MSME owners. The indicators of entrepreneurial characteristics used are having the courage to start something, being directly responsible for one's own capital or borrowed capital, an innovator, and discovering opportunities and taking advantage of them, and having managerial abilities. Meanwhile, the business success indicators used are business resilience, workforce growth and sales growth. The population in this study was 67 UMKM owners, using census techniques, the data in this study was obtained through questionnaires, and using simple regression analysis with the SPSS 25.0 for Windows Application. The research results show that entrepreneurial characteristics have a significant effect toward business success. The results of the coefficient of determination show that business success is influenced by entrepreneurial characteristics by 60.7%, while the remaining 39.7% is influenced by other factors not included in this regression model.
Chicken Egg Demand in Riau Province, Indonesia
This study analyzes the dominant factors influencing egg demand and the price response to egg demand in Riau. The research method used is the literature review method. The data used is secondary data, specifically time series data from 1999 to 2014. The data was collected from the BPS and BKP of Riau Province. The data analysis employed is econometric analysis using a single equation model with the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimation method. The study results indicate that: (1) the price of eggs and household income significantly and negatively affect egg demand at confidence levels of 5% and 10%, respectively. Last year's wheat flour price significantly and positively affected egg demand at a 5% confidence level. Beef prices, rice prices, and population size do not substantially affect egg demand; (2) egg prices and wheat flour prices are responsive to egg demand. This means that changes in egg prices and wheat flour prices significantly impact changes in egg demand. In contrast, household income is not responsive to egg demand. This means that changes in household income have a small impact on changes in egg demand.
The Effect of Product Quality and Price on Consumer Satisfaction Buy Cloth Songket Malay on Tenun Wan Fitri Pekanbaru
This study aims to determine the effect of product quality and price on consumer satisfaction in purchasing Malay songket cloth on woven wan fitri Pekanbaru. This type of research uses a quantitative method approach. The population in this study were all the people of Pekanbaru City who had purchased wan fitri weaving. Sample in this research total 100 respondents used the sampling technique (accidental sampling). The collection is done by distributing questionnaires. Data analysis techniques used validity test, reliability test, normality test, multicollinearity test, multiple linear regression analysis test, coefficient of determination test, t test, f test. The results of this study indicate that product quality has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, price has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. The results of the f test show that product quality and price simultaneously influence consumer satisfaction. The results of the coefficient of determination show the value R Square obtained by 0.625, which means that the product quality and price variables can affect consumer satisfaction. Influenced by other variables not examined by this study. (example: promotion, product innovation, service quality).
Analysis of Farming And Marketing of Lettuce in Hydroponic and Conventional Systems in Seberida Sub-District, Indragiri Hulu District, Riau Province
Lettuce farming aims to develop and sell hydroponic and conventional lettuce products to meet the increasing demand. Market demand for lettuce has not been fully met by farmers, so lettuce business development is needed to overcome this condition. This study aims to: 1) Characteristics of farmers, traders, and farming profiles of hydroponic and conventional lettuce systems in Seberida District, Indragiri Hulu Regency, Riau Province; 2) Hydroponic and conventional lettuce farming in Seberida Sub-district; 3) Marketing of hydroponic and conventional lettuce in Seberida District. The research method used was survey with primary data. The results showed that: 1) The average age of hydroponic farmers is 31 years, conventional farmers are 58 years, and traders are 45 years; education of hydroponic farmers is high school, conventional farmers are elementary school, and traders are high school; business experience of hydroponic farmers is 7 years, conventional farmers are 16 years, and traders are 11 years. 2) Hydroponic farming using NFT system cost Rp 6,400,233/MT and net income Rp 6,649,767/MT (RCR 2.04). Conventional farming costs Rp 2,923,575/MT with a net income of Rp 2,051,425/MT (RCR 1.70). 3) Hydroponic lettuce marketing is through two channels: Farmer-kebab trader-consumer (efficiency 2.50%, Farmer's Share 75%) and Farmer-retailer-consumer (efficiency 5.71%, Farmer's Share 85.71%). Conventional lettuce marketing is through one channel: Farmer-retailer-consumer (efficiency 7.14%, Farmer's Share 89.29%). Traders earn more profit than farmers. Hydroponic and conventional lettuce development policies in Seberida Sub-district have not been implemented optimally.
Influence Channel Distribution Against Sales Volume Fertilizer Dolomite at the Mina Tani Shop in Lubuk Sakat Village, Kampar Regency (Survey on Agents and Stores in Di Kampar Regency
In this study, two variables were used, namely distribution channels as the independent variable (X) and sales volume as the dependent variable (Y). This research was conducted with the aim of finding out the effect of distribution channels on the sales volume of dolomite fertilizer at the Mina Tani fertilizer shop, Lubuk Sakat village, Kampar district. used by the research is primary data collected through questionnaires. The hypothesis of this research is that it is suspected that there is a significant influence on distribution channels on the sales volume at the Mina Tani fertilizer shop on the Pekanbaru- Sungai Pagar main road, Stop Raja sub- district, Kampar regency. simple linear regression, coefficient of determination and hypothesis testing (T test) using SPSS 22, Based on analysis using the simple linear regression analysis method Y = 23,544 + 0.089 the results of hypothesis testing, the T test is 49,753 with a sig of 0.000, the t table is 2,035, in other words the calculated T is greater than the T table (6,710 + 2,035). So it can be concluded that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted or it can be interpreted that distribution channels influence sales volume or there is a positive and significant influence between distribution channels on sales volume of dolomite fertilizer at Mina Tani fertilizer shops (survey of agents and fertilizer shops in Kampar Regency The coefficient of determination is 0.577 (57.7%), which means that the distribution channel has an influence of 57.7% on sales volume and 42.3% is influenced by other factors.
Farming and Production Factors of Independent Oil Palm and Rubber Plantations in Rengat Barat
However, the production of Fresh Fruit Bunches (TBS) and rubber latex (Bokar) remains low. The objectives of this research are (1) to analyze the characteristics of farmers and the plantation agribusiness profile of oil palm and rubber, (2) to analyze the oil palm and rubber plantation agribusiness, and (3) to identify the dominant factors affecting TBS production in oil palm and Bokar production in rubber in West Rengat. The research method used was a survey with a sample size of 60 oil palm farmers and 60 rubber farmers selected through simple random sampling. The results show that 1) The average age of oil palm and rubber farmers is relatively old. Generally, the educational level of oil palm and rubber farmers is junior high school graduates. The land cultivated by oil palm and rubber farmers is their own. The average land area owned by oil palm farmers is 2.0 hectares, and rubber farmers own an average of 0.93 hectares. 2)The use of oil palm seedlings is 139 plants per year, and rubber seedlings are 488 plants per year, with fertilizer usage still below the recommended dosage. The majority of labor used comes from external family labor. 3)The net income of oil palm plantation farmers is Rp 23,347,787 per hectare per year with an Efficiency RCR of 2.37, and the net income of rubber plantation farmers is Rp 13,181,195 per hectare per year with an Efficiency RCR of 2.17, indicating that oil palm and rubber plantation agribusinesses in West Rengat are viable for development. The dominant factors influencing oil palm TBS production are the age of oil palm trees, fertilizer and labor usage, while for rubber, the factors affecting latex production are the number of trees and labor. Oil palm plantation production requires higher production costs compared to rubber plantation production.
Factors Affecting Hybrid Coconut Farming Production in Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau Province (Cobb-Douglas Production Function Approach)
Coconut is one of the leading plantation commodities in Riau Province, especially in Tempuling Sub-district, Indragiri Hilir Regency. Hybrid coconut farming supports the local economy and improves farmers' livelihoods. This study aims to analyse: (1) the profile of farmers and the characteristics of their farming, (2) the use of production factors, costs, income, and farming efficiency, and (3) the factors that influence hybrid coconut production. The research used a survey method with 53 farmers as respondents. The data analysed includes both primary and secondary data, using descriptive qualitative and quantitative approaches, along with the Cobb-Douglas production function. The results show that most farmers manage their farms on a relatively large scale with sufficient capital, supported by family labour, and the average age of hybrid coconut trees is 9.8 years. The production cost is IDR 13,152,120 per year, with revenue of IDR 55,510,189 and income of IDR 42,358,068 per year. The farming efficiency (RCR) is 4.2. The Cobb-Douglas model shows that the R² value of 0.759 indicates that 75.90% of the variation in production is explained by six input factors: land area (X1), number of productive trees (X2), labour (X3), lime (terusi) (X4), salt (X5), and pesticides (X6). However, only land area (X1) has a statistically significant effect. This shows that even though inputs are used, their effectiveness varies, and optimizing land use remains the key to increasing productivity in hybrid coconut farming.
Building the Era of the Pandemi and Post Covid Era of 19 MSME Sectors Through Digital Media and Creative Economy (Cases in Msmes of Breadfruit Chips and Fan Fried Bananas) in Riau Province
Cultivation of breadfruit and kapok bananas is underplanted. Production of breadfruit chips and fried bananas has fluctuated and the income of entrepreneurs is unstable. Kripik Breadfruit chips and fried banana fans which have been processed by entrepreneurs have potential and these foods have become superior food in Riau Province. raw materials that can be obtained from various regions but are not sufficient for smooth production. This study aims to: 1) Knowing the characteristics and profiles of Breadfruit Chips and Fried Banana Fan in Riau Province. 2) Planning a production, marketing, finance business in the breadfruit chips and fan fried bananas in Riau Province 3) Knowing the strategy of building a Pandemic and Post Covid 19 era business from products and businesses.4) Knowing the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats (SWOT), products and business development strategies that are run. 5) Implement the chosen business strategy. 6) Evaluate the implementation of the business run. Data Analysis: Descriptive Qualitative and Quantitative Data analysis: descriptive qualitative, multiple regression, empirical and SWOT. Research results: 1) Characteristics. Agribusiness MSMEs are in the age group 35 to 57 junior high school education, the experience of trying 1-10 years, the number of family dependents of 3 people and the average employee of 3 people. UMKM business profiles use their own capital and there is training assistance, labor is used in the family and outside the family. The use of labor in accordance with the availability of raw materials, customers and production has more than 300 people in terms of MSME management is still running according to family rules, 2) Breadfruit and fried banana chips are running and profitable, 3) Strategies to build a Pandemic and Post Covid era business 19 is increasing the amount of production of raw materials and is managed more professional, 4) Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats so that they are included in the quadrant I, namely have the potential to be developed, 5) Implementation of each region has a different potential of Pekanbaru and Kampar 6) Breadfruit and Banana Kripik Business Fried fan is not optimal, suggestions need to procure breadfruit raw materials and kapok bananas which are sufficient to meet market needs. Research has prospects and is not affected by Pandemic and Post Covid19 conditions
The Influence of Leadership Style to Motivation Work Employees in Factory Coconut Palm Oil (Case Study on PT. Flora Wahana Tirta Rifansi Kampar Regency)
The objective of this study is to analyze, understand, and explain the influence of leadership styles on employee work motivation at the palm oil factory (case study of PT. Flora Wahana Tirta Rifansi, Kampar Regency). The research type employed in this study is descriptive survey research, utilizing a quantitative research method and data analysis software SPSS 26. The population of this study consists of employees of PT. Flora Wahana Tirta Rifansi in Kampar Regency, with a total of 55 respondents. The findings indicate that the leadership style variable, which includes indicators such as instructive behavior, consultative behavior, participative behavior, delegative behavior, and supportive leadership behavior, received responses indicating agreement from the respondents. Similarly, the work motivation variable, with indicators such as behavior direction, effort level, and persistence level, also received responses categorized as agreeing. Furthermore, statistical analysis reveals that leadership style has a significant influence on employee work motivation at the palm oil factory, PT. Flora Wahana Tirta Rifansi, Kampar Regency.
Consumer Satisfaction Levels Towards Hydroponic And Conventional Lettuce Vegetables in the Seberida Sub-District of Indragiri Hulu
Lettuce is commonly consumed raw as a salad, besides, it also contains high nutritional value and is highly favored by the community. Basically, the purpose of marketing is to create customer satisfaction. It is necessary to understand well what factors influence consumer satisfaction so that product improvement can continue. The research objectives are 1) Analysis of characteristics of consumers, farmers, business profiles and product descriptions of hydroponic and conventional lettuce systems. 2) Analysis of the level of consumer satisfaction with the products and sales services of hydroponic lettuce and conventional lettuce. 3) Marketing strategies for hydroponic lettuce and conventional lettuce. A survey method was used in this research with the accidental sampling technique involving 120 respondents, consisting of 60 hydroponic lettuce consumers and 60 conventional lettuce consumers. Data analysis was conducted to determine the level of consumer satisfaction using IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis) and CSI (Customer Satisfaction Index). The research results indicate that the age range of hydroponic lettuce consumers is between 32,03 years, while conventional lettuce consumers are between 36,72 years. Both hydroponic and conventional lettuce consumers are predominantly female 91,67% and 81,67%. The average number of dependents for both types of consumers is 4 people. Based on the IPA analysis, the attributes that need improvement for hydroponic consumers are discounts, the number of promotional media, promotional intensity, and promotional quality, while for conventional consumers, the attributes that need improvement are lettuce freshness, lettuce cleanliness, the number of promotional media, promotional intensity, and promotional quality. Meanwhile, the strategy to enhance satisfaction among conventional lettuce consumers involves improving product freshness and cleanliness levels, as well as increasing product sales promotions. The CSI index valu for hydroponiclettuce is 75,78% (Satisfied), on conventional lettuce namely 59,45% (Not satisfied) Entrepreneurs in both hydroponic and conventional lettuce businesses should continuously innovate and develop themselves.
The Effect of Bokashi from Mushroom Baglog Waste and Liquid Organic Fertilizer from Cow Blood Waste on Growth And Production of Shallots (Allium Ascalonicum L.)
Shallots are a horticultural commodity that cannot be substituted as a food flavoring. The high demand for shallots due to the increase in population has not been able to meet the demand for shallots optimally in Riau Province. Marginal land in Riau Province and excessive use of chemical fertilizers by farmers have resulted in low soil fertility. One solution is to apply bokashi baglog mushroom waste and liquid organic fertilizer from cow blood waste. The aim of this research was to determine the interaction of Bokashi from Mushroom Baglog Waste and Liquid Organic Fertilizer from Cow Blood Waste on the Growth and Production of Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.). This study used a Factorial Completely Randomized Design consisting of two factors. The first factor is the dose of bokashi from mushroom baglog waste with four levels: 0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 kg/plot. The second factor is the liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) from cow blood waste with four levels: 0, 150, 300, and 450 ml/l/plot. The parameters observed included the analysis of bokashi and LOF, plant height, relative growth rate, number of bulbs per clump, wet bulb weight per clump, dry bulb weight per clump, bulb weight loss, bulb diameter, and nutrient absorption analysis (N, P, K) by the plants. The observation data was analysed using analysis of variance and Honestly Significant Difference test at a 5% level. The results showed that the interaction between bokashi from mushroom baglog waste and Liquid Organic Fertilizer from cow blood waste significantly affected relative growth rate, wet bulb weight per clump, dry bulb weight per clump, and bulb weight loss. The best treatment combination was 1.5 kg/plot of bokashi from mushroom baglog waste and 300 ml/l/plot of liquid organic fertilizer from cow blood waste.
Adaptation Strategy of Stevia in the Lowlands Through Pruning and Eco Enzyme Based on Morphofisiology Characteristics
High solar radiation and temperature in lownlands can accelerate stevia’s life cycle, prompting earlier flowering and reducing nutritional content. Pruning is expected to stimulate lateral shoot growth, increasing branch count and consequently plant productivity. Additionally, enzymes in eco enzyme glycosides, which provide wetness. This study aimed to understand the adaptation of stevia grown in lownland areas with shoot pruning and eco enzyme treatments. The research was conducted on agricultural land at USU (3°33' S, 98°39' E, 28 m asl) from July to September 2024, using a randomized block design with two treatment (pruning and eco enzyme) and three replications. Results showed that pruning at 4 WAP (weeks after planting) delayed flowering up to 78 DAP (days after planting), increased total chlorophyll a and b, and tended to increase leaf number, branch-count, and canopy width, though these effects were not significant. Pruning at 8 WAP improved the root-to-shoot ratio. Eco enzyme application at 1 ml/L significantly affected the root-to-shoot ratio, and the best treatment combination was pruning at 4 WAP with eco enzyme at 1 ml/L. In conclusion, pruning and eco enzyme treatment improved stevia’s adaptability and productivity under lowland conditions.