Multistakeholder Approach Dalam Upaya Pembinaan Narapidana Terorisme (Deradikalisasi Dalam Lembaga Pemasyarakatan)

Abstract

Departing from the rampant arrest of suspected terrorists and sympathizers in Indonesia, BNPT data at the end of 2024 has recorded the arrest of 1,703 suspected terrorists during the period 2018 to 2024, which are all sympathizers, doctrinal and militants, both those who have acted and those who have not been involved. Then the inmates who are in 6 at UPT Nusakambangan who carry out coaching, only 47 out of 166 inmates have carried out the pledge of the Republic of Indonesia. Therefore, the handling of terrorism prisoners is a shared responsibility of all components of the nation because it is multi-dimensional, complex and high-risk, so it requires stakeholder support and community participation. This study aims to identify actors and the application of actor network theory in the development of terrorism inmates in correctional institutions. The research method used is qualitative, with data collection techniques such as observation, interviews and document studies. This research uses policy actor theory and actor network theory. The result of this study is that the deradicalization program for terrorism prisoners in prisons is managed through an integrated network system led by the Directorate General of Fisheries (Kemen Imipas) as the main actor. This network involves Ministries/Institutions such as BNPT (deradicalization coordinator), the Indonesian Police (Densus 88), and the Ministry of Religion. Then civil society organizations such as the Peace Indonesia Alliance, the Peace Space Foundation, and the Debintal Foundation played a role in psychosocial approaches, thematic dialogues, and meetings of victims and perpetrators. Other institutions such as the Prosecutor's Office and the Legislature (DPR) have not been significantly involved in direct guidance, only playing a role in regulation and legal aid. Then the Directorate General of Prisons as the main actor in the development of terrorism prisoners runs a cooperation mechanism through donor meetings and audiences, although in this case it is still passive because it attracts supporting actors to be involved in the development of terrorism prisoners. Until an agreement is reached to bind the roles and responsibilities of actors who play a role in policy implementation.