Active Tectonics of the Garsela Fault Utilizing Morphotectonics and Seismicity in Garut Regency, Indonesia

Rafa Nurul Zahra Pristiwantoro; Fahrudin; Dian Agus Widiarso; Rio Alcanadre Tanjung Moechtar; Akbar Cita

doi:10.25299/jgeet.2025.10.02.20209

Authors

Rafa Nurul Zahra Pristiwantoro Department of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia.
Fahrudin Department of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia.
Dian Agus Widiarso Department of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia.
Rio Alcanadre Tanjung Moechtar Geological Survey Center, Geology Agency, Citarum, Bandung Wetan, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Akbar Cita Geological Survey Center, Geology Agency, Citarum, Bandung Wetan, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25299/jgeet.2025.10.02.20209

Keywords:

Active Fault, Garsela Fault, Earthquake, Garut Regency

Abstract

Tectonic activity along active faults in Indonesia has a high potential to cause earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 6.5. This research focuses on the Garsela Fault in Garut Regency, West Java, which has a history of shallow earthquakes occuring near nationally important infrastructure. Morphotectonic analysis, Maximum Credible Earthquake (MCE) calculations, geological structure measurements, and subsurface condition assessments were conducted to determine the tectonic activity around the Garsela Fault and its fault mechanism. The analysis results show that tectonic activity in Garut Regency ranges from low to high. The Garsela Fault is divided into two segments with different fault systems: the Rakutai Segment, a normal fault (16.22 km), and the Kencana Segment, a strike-slip fault (17.33 km). MCE calculations for the Garsela Fault indicate potential maximum magnitudes of 5.42, 5.54, 6.28, and 6.54. Shallow earthquakes may produce stronger tremors in the western part of the Rakutai Segment compared to the east. In addition, earthquakes originating from the Kencana Segment may also generate tremors in the southern part of Garut Regency.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Adhitama, R., 2020. Paleostress anlysis of Baribis Fault system-Brebes segment based on outcrop fault data. J. Geosci. Eng. Energy I, 61–67.

Arisbaya, I., Lestiana, H., Mukti, M.M., Handayani, L., Grandis, H., Warsa, Sumintadireja, P., 2021. Garsela Fault and other NE-SW active faults along the southern part of Java Island. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci. 789, 0–7.

Daryono, M.R., Natawidjaja, D.H., Sapiie, B., Cummins, P., 2019. Earthquake Geology of the Lembang Fault, West Java, Indonesia. Tectonophysics 751, 180–191.

Doornkamp, J.C., 1986. Geomorphological approaches to the study of neotectonics. J. - Geol. Soc. 143, 335–342.

Ekarsti, A.K., Pramumijoyo, S., Marliyani, G.I., Setianto, A., DwikoritaKarnawati, 2023. Analyzing Recent Seismic Activity of the Opak Fault System in Central Java, Indonesia, From 2009 To 2021. Int. J. GEOMATE 25, 87–97.

Fahrudin, Aribowo, Y., 2024. Review : Geological Structure Impacts to Hydrocarbon Potential and Active Faults in the East Java Basin , Indonesia. J. Geosci. Eng. Environ. Technol. 9, 379–383.

Fahrudin, Chhun, C., Tsuji, T., 2022. Influence of shear zone thickness and strike-slip faulting on tectonic tremor in the Nankai Trough, southwest Japan. Tectonophysics 838, 229519.

Handayani, L., Kamtono, K., Wardhana, D.D., 2013. Extensional Tectonic Regime of Garut Basin based on Magnetotelluric Analysis. Indones. J. Geosci. 8, 127–133.

Hanif M, Handayani L, Arisbaya I, Nur Aulia A, L.G.K., 2021. Analysis of gravity anomaly decomposition and depth to basement, case study: Cenozoic Bogor Basin, Indonesia. J. Geosci. Eng. Environ. Technol. 6.

Haryanto, I., 2006. Struktur Geologi Paleogen dan Neogen di Jawa Barat. Bull. Sci. Contrib. 4, 88–95.

Hendriyana, A., Tsuji, T., 2021. Influence of structure and pore pressure of plate interface on tectonic tremor in the Nankai subduction zone , Japan. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 558, 116742.

Hilmi, F., Haryanto, I., 2008. Pola Struktur Regional. Bull. Sci. Contrib. 6, 57–66.

Jannah, M., Pamumpuni, A., Sadisun, I.A., 2024. Segmentation of the Active Fault on the Cirebon-Semarang Segments as Revealed by DEM-Derived Geomorphic Indices. J. Geosci. Eng. Environ. Technol. 9, 385–399.

Keller, E.A., Pinter Nicholas, 1996. Active tectonics_Keller_Pinter_small. Prentice hall.

Lestari, W., Widodo, A., Syaifuddin, F., Warnana, D.D., 2020. Research priority of the potential earthquake on the java island using decision making analysis. E3S Web Conf. 156, 1–5.

Librian, V., Ramdhan, M., Nugraha, A.D., Mukti, M.M., Syuhada, S., Lühr, B.G., Widiyantoro, S., Mursitantyo, A., Anggraini, A., Zulfakriza, Z., Muttaqy, F., Mi’rojul Husni, Y., 2024. Detailed seismic structure beneath the earthquake zone of Yogyakarta 2006 (Mw ∼6.4), Indonesia, from local earthquake tomography. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 351, 107170.

Marliyani, G.I., Arrowsmith, J.R., Whipple, K.X., 2016. Characterization of slow slip rate faults in humid areas: Cimandiri fault zone, Indonesia. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 121, 2287–2308.

Martono, Hasria, Asfar, S., Azzaman, M.A., Ngkoimani, L.O., Okto, A., Hamimu, L., Irawati, Sawaludin, Iradat Salihin, L.O.M., Wahab, 2022. Morphotectonic Control of Land Movements at Wundulako Region, Kolaka Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. J. Geosci. Eng. Environ. Technol. 7, 80–86.

Moechtar, R., Wahyudiono, R., Rohman, Yuniarni, R., Sukapti, W., Yulianto, E., Sulandari, B., Lazari, O., Mutiah, S., 2024. Active Fault Map of Garut Regency, West Java. ATLAS, Peta Temat. Patahan Aktif Kabupaten/Kota di Indones. Vo;. 1.

Oo, K.Y., Warmada, W., Titisari, A.D., Watanabe, K., 2019. Ore Forming Fluid of Epithermal Quartz Veins at Cisuru Prospect, Papandayan District, West Java, Indonesia. J. Geosci. Eng. Environ. Technol. 4, 170.

Prasetio, R., Laksminingpuri, N., Satrio, S., Pujiindiyati, E.R., Pratikno, B., Sidauruk, P., 2023. The 222Rn and CO2 soil gas distribution at Lembang Fault Zone, West Java - Indonesia. J. Environ. Radioact. 257, 107079.

Rejeki, S., Rohrs, D., Nordquist, G., Fitriyanto, A., 2010. Geologic Conceptual Model Update of the Darajat Geothermal Field, Indonesia. Proc. World Geotherm. Congr. 25–29.

Roberts, G.P., Sgambato, C., Mildon, Z.K., Iezzi, F., Beck, J., Robertson, J., Papanikolaou, I., Michetti, A.M., Faure Walker, J.P., Meschis, M., Shanks, R., Phillips, R., McCaffrey, K.J.W., Vittori, E., Mitchell, S., 2024. Spatial migration of temporal earthquake clusters driven by the transfer of differential stress between neighbouring fault/shear-zone structures. J. Struct. Geol. 181, 105096.

Supendi, P., Nugraha, A.D., Puspito, N.T., Widiyantoro, S., Daryono, D., 2018. Identification of active faults in West Java, Indonesia, based on earthquake hypocenter determination, relocation, and focal mechanism analysis. Geosci. Lett. 5.

Supendi, P., Winder, T., Rawlinson, N., Bacon, C.A., Palgunadi, K.H., Simanjuntak, A., Kurniawan, A., Widiyantoro, S., Nugraha, A.D., Shiddiqi, H.A., Ardianto, Daryono, Adi, S.P., Karnawati, D., Priyobudi, Marliyani, G.I., Imran, I., Jatnika, J., 2023. A conjugate fault revealed by the destructive Mw 5.6 (November 21, 2022) Cianjur earthquake, West Java, Indonesia. J. Asian Earth Sci. 257, 105830.

Syahputra, R., Sihombing, F.M.H., Prasojo, O.A., 2019. Correlation Between Fracture Azimuth, Surface Lineaments and Regional Tectonics: A case study from Belik District, Central Java, Indonesia. J. Geosci. Eng. Environ. Technol. 4, 22.

Tim Pusat Studi Gempa Nasional, 2017. Peta Sumber dan Bahaya Gempa Indonesia Tahun 2017. Pus. Litbang Perumah. dan Pemukiman, PU 376.

Trifonov, V.G., Kozhurin, A.I., 2010. Study of active faults: Theoretical and applied implications. Geotectonics 44, 510–528.

Wells, D.L., Coppersmith, Kevin, J., 1994. New empical relationship between magnitude, rupture length, rupture width, rupture area, and surface displacement. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 84, 974–1002.

Winarto, J., Sukiyah, E.M.I., Haryanto, A.D., Haryanto, I., 2019. Morphotectonic study of a watershed controlled by active fault in southern Garut, west Java, Indonesia. J. Himal. Earth Sci. 52, 96–105.