CORRELATION BETWEEN THEORY OF INTERNAL ESTEEM NEED OF MASLOW’S HIERARCHY AND SPEAKING ABILITY OF THE STUDENTS AT ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM FKIP-UIR PEKANBARU

Internal Esteem Need is one of the important motivations that affect students’ achievement in learning as their internal motivations. This paper addresses a study of finding out whether any significant correlation between theory of internal esteem of Maslow and the students’ speaking ability at English Study Program FKIP UIR Pekanbaru. The population is all the fifth (5) year of English students of English Study Program FKIP UIR who have just taken Speaking 2 (Scientific Discussion) in the second semester with 40 students randomly chosen as sample. A questionnaire of 42 statements were constructed from the indicators of internal esteem of Maslow’s theory and the students’ final grade on their chosen subject were taken to find out the students’ internal esteem and their speaking ability. The result of the study showed that there is no significant relationship between the students’ internal esteem toward their speaking ability. Keyword: Internal esteem needs, speaking, bad, good. HUBUNGAN ANTARA TEORI KEBUTUHAN PENGHARGAAN INTERNAL MASLOW DENGAN KEMAMPUAN BERBICARA MAHASISWA JURUSAN BAHASA INGGRIS DI FKIP-UIR PEKANBARU


INTRODUCTION
Speaking is a language skill course and also one of the linguistic domains that is mandatory for every student to master along the line with other three language skills that is listening, reading and writing.Speaking is a productive skill since it produces ideas, messages or suggestion orally (Chastain in Risnadedi, 2001;Hasteti, 2004)to create smooth communication since it is extremely required among human being as an integral feature of interaction (Munn, 1966).English is not an easy subject to master.It needs strong drives or motivation.Motivation in term of its derivation, the word motivate means to move, to activate.In this general sense, anything that initiates activity, whether external or internal, is motivating.Speaking ability should be motivated by strong motivation in order to be able to speak in English.If English students want to master speaking ability, not only by practicing but also emerging their own strong motivation.They should know what kind of need can encourage and make them strive forwards.
So, it is obvious that the importance of the students to master the skill needs strong drives or motivation.However in the reality, most of the students do not realize or conscious about what they really want to achieve by entering English Program.They do not know their real purpose of taking the major is.The students' unconsciousness of need of mastering speaking ability gives some impacts on themselves, among others: they can not achieve good mark in speaking course which can be caused by their lack ness in vocabulary mastery, laziness to speak in English or perform in front of the class and having less bravery to utter English utterances because of being afraid of making grammatical and structural mistakes, they become reluctant to speak in English, they can not create smooth communication in English verbally and orally, and many other.
It is considerably important to make the students conscious or aware of their own need in order to motivate themselves in mastering speaking ability, they have to show to their surrounding that they are true English students who really know and understand how to be good English learners.Automatically, they will know what kind of need that will motivate them and make them be better in their speaking ability.If they are good at their speaking ability, they will not be underestimated and will be appraised by their surroundings.Appraisal is a person's subjective opinion intrinsically given by someone.It is about selfesteem or self worth.A very important psychological/behavioral perspective on the concept of need is Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs (Faqih, 2003).Maslow, 1970claimes "the need for selfesteem can be met through mastery of achievement in a given field…." Esteem motivational needs by Maslow is the fourth stage of the original theory of Maslow's Hierarchy In this study, internal esteem is used.The reason for choosing only one of the esteem elements, is because they play an important role within the English students than the external esteem in their speaking ability in learning process.It does not mean that the external esteem elements are less important than the internal esteems.Internal motivation elements emerge within the students will be more stable and easy to maintain which is also known as riel motivation or pure motivation.So, it means that motivation emerges within the students has more effective function for their effort in achieving their goal in learning process.And the other reason for choosing only the internal esteem is because the internal esteem are much easier to be observed by the writer since it is only involving the samples within the faculty than the external self esteems that must involve others from outside the faculty.Maslow describes internal esteem-motivational needs (Maslow, 1970)  Confidence.Maslow states that "only the flexibility creative person can really manage the future, only the one who can face novelty with confidence and without fear".It can be interpreted that human can face his or her future and to become a flexible creative person if he or she fully relies on his or her own ability and have no fear.The above statement can also be interpreted as confidence that means as a mental process that arises from considering if a person or thing is capable of something.Achievement.Real achievement means inevitably a worthy and virtuous task.To do some idiotic job very well is certainly not real achievement.Independence is relying on own experiences and judgment (Maslow, 1970).One must not be controlled by other people or things, h/she must be able to rely on own capability in order to achieve a goal that have been enriched by his/her experiences with the result that h/she will be able to make a Social independence means a relative stability in the face or hard knocks, blows, deprivation, frustration, and the like.People with social independence can maintain a relative serenity in the midst of circumstances that would drive other people to do suicide; they have also been described as 'self-contained' People with no social independence in their personality or deficiency-motivated people must have other people available, since most of their main need gratifications (love, safety, respect, prestige) can only come from other human beings.The determinants of satisfaction and of the good life for them now inner-individual andnot social.They have become strong enough to be independent of the good opinion of other people.The honors, the status, the reward, the popularity, the prestige, and the love they can bestow must have become less important than self development and inner growth.Adequacy is competence or capability or ability.Competence is a major component of mental wellness.It means that competence or capability is the important part of human's capacity for understanding, learning, and doing something that indicates of a healthy mind.
People with healthy mind is a healthiest people (Maslow,1970).Understanding, learning and doing something involve process of thinking.Thinking is the healthiest people, if they are also intelligent.Thinking is not always directed, organized, motivated, or goal-bent.Fantasy, dreaming, symbolism, unconscious thinking infantile, emotions thinking, psychoanalytic free association, are all productive in their own way.Healthy people come to many of their conclusions and decisions with the aid of these techniques, traditionally opposed to rationally but in actually synergetic with it.Mastery and Competence.Master and competence are united since they have reciprocal relation ship, and the definition of the two items are the same.Definition of the mastery is an ability and as quoted by Maslow that ability is a major component of mental wellness.In the other word is that mastery and competence are one unit which means that if one has skilled at something, automatically he/she has become good at it.Freedom.Freedom is need for solitude, autonomous, independent, creativity, and spontaneous.It means that one has right for being alone, acting without others' interference, acting without being controlled by other people and things, being able to create things in imaginative ways, and acting naturally in order to achieve one's goal.
Thus, this study investigates the correlation of between theory of internal esteem needs of Maslow's Hierarchy and speaking ability of the students at The population of this research includes all the fifth (5 th ) year of English students of English Study Program FKIP-UIR Pekanbaru.The reason for taking this population is that the students have studied Speaking 1 until 3. Since the population is large enough (80 students), so the sample of this study was taken randomly.Gay, 1987 in Hanafi, 2004states if the population is homogenous enough, for population that is less than 100 persons, the sample is taken 50%, but if the population is more than 100 persons, the sample is taken 15%, which means the sample of this study is 40 students.
The writer used two instruments thatare questionnaire and Grade Point Average (GPA).A questionnaire means a list of questions to be answered by a group of people in order add information or facts (Hornby, 1987).A scale developed by Likert Scale and also called as Sum Mating report guides the construction of the questionnaire.The questionnaire consists of 42 items that are dealing with strength, confidence, achievement, independence, mastery, competence and freedom.The sample of the respondent were asked for answering some statements that consist of available answer, that is Strongly Agree (SA), Agree (A), Undecided (U), Disagree (D), Strongly Disagree (SD).And then, the respondents' score was determined by rating scale as can be seen from the table below: The questionnaire was tried out to find out the reliability by using splithalf method and the validity.After the computation, the reliability of the questionnaire was high that is 0.65 and the questionnaire was also valid because J-SHMIC, Vol 3, No 2, August 2016 Correlation between theory of internal esteem need of Maslow's Hierarchy and Speaking ability of the students at English Study Program FKIP-UIR Pekanbaru the obtained t-value (0.15) was bigger than the t-table.Since the both scale were interval scale, the formula used was simple regression (manually) by using Pearson r formula in order to find out the correlation between selfesteemof Maslow and the students' speaking ability.

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION a. Students' Internal Esteem Data
According to the analyzed data, some descriptive information were gathered.Tables below give information about the level of the students' internal self-esteem to their speaking ability.From the questionnaire above, some of the students realize that they are able to experience of learning English in the previous which will be their own capital by the time they enter university to be good English learners, but some of the students also think that the capital that they have will not encourage them to learn well, moreover if they do not the capital.And even though they have the capital, but they feel they do not have the talent to be able to be good English learners because they feel they will not be able to understand and learn which mean that they will not be able to produce better, either in terms of marks of their own improvement and their previous experience as their capital will be useless, the other reason is because they do not have the ability to know what should be done by the time they have entered the university.It means that students' awareness of their strength in term of ability to experience, ability to produce, and ability to understand become dominate in their choices.It is shown that they answer "Agree" and "Disagree" or the percentage is 2.4% and 2.6%.The above table indicates that the majority of the students answer "Agree", it means that the students have and aware of their confidence since their dominated choice "Agree" covering 1.8%.From the table above, most of the students do aware of being English students, it can be seen from their dominated choice "Agree" for all the statements that recognize the students' aim by being English students that covering 2.1%, and some of the students choose "Disagree" for responding negative statements that covering 2.3%.Most of the students feel independence as English students in their learning process as can be seen from their responds of "Agree" for the positive statements (19, 21, 23) covering 3.5%, and their responds of "Disagree" for the negative statements (20, 22, 24) covering 1.2%.Based on the table above, it can be concluded that students' adequacy toward their speaking ability in the term of capacity for understanding that is to understand their aims as English students, capacity for learning in improving their speaking skill, and capacity for doing things as English students in improving their English speaking ability, can be said that the students' adequacy is not well balanced and good since they cant decide what should they do continuously after realizing their aim and getting aware of J-SHMIC, Vol 3, No 2, August 2016 Correlation between theory of internal esteem need of Maslow's Hierarchy and Speaking ability of the students at English Study Program FKIP-UIR Pekanbaru their capacity.It can be seen from the percentage of their answer "Agree" for all the positive statements (25, 27, 29) and the negative statements (26, 28, 30) covering 2.2%.The above table shows that the students still do not fully realize of their competence of being English students and their ability to master it since their dominated choice fall on "Agree" covering 3.3%.The table indicates that the students do not fully understand and aware of their freedom in the term of having the right for being alone, acting without other's interference, without being controlled, and being creative since their choice fall in "Agree" covering 2.8%.

b. Students' Speaking Ability Data
The result of calculation shows that the speaking ability of the sample of this study is 6.5% of them have good scores, while 3.5% of them low.
The three hypotheses that are answered through this study, namely the first hypothesis is that the students of English Study Program of FKIP UIR have bad internal esteem.The students' answers toward the questionnaire show that their average score is 14.7 in scale.It means that the first hypothesis is accepted.The second hypothesis is that the students' speaking ability is not yet satisfactory.The result of the speaking ability shows that the average scores of students is in scale 1-10.And 6.5 percent of them have good scores.Therefore, the second hypothesis can be rejected.The third hypothesis is that there is a significant correlation between the score of students' internal esteem and the score of students' speaking ability.In order to know whether the hypothesis is accepted or rejected, the score of both variables were analyzed.The result of the analyzed shows: 1) The test of independence in linear regression and the test of linearity of the data From the table of f distribution, it is found that the table value of F0.95 (1:38) is 4.10.Therefore, the null hypothesis (Ho) is accepted because F1.24 is not greater than 4.10.And as the result of linear computation by using data analysis of regression in Microsoft excel, it is found that the model of linear regression is accepted.

2) The decided form of functional relationship
As the result of calculation, regression of both variable is that the increase of one unit students' internal esteem, the students' speaking ability will increase 0.0189 unit 3) The Relationship Degree It is found that Rxy (0.177) is less greater than the value of R0.95 (39) = 0.406.It means that there is no significant relationship between students' internal esteem and their speaking ability.The amount of influence is determined by the determination of coefficient R2 = 0.0316 or 31.6.It means that the J-SHMIC, Vol 3, No 2, August 2016 Correlation between theory of internal esteem need of Maslow's Hierarchy and Speaking ability of the students at English Study Program FKIP-UIR Pekanbaru students' internal esteems determine only 31.6% of their speaking ability and the rest factors are not beyond the scope of this study.

CONCLUSION
From this study it can be concluded that the level of students' speaking ability is not significantly influenced by their internal esteems.Although the internal esteem is not the only factor to determine their speaking ability, it is necessary for them for having good internal esteems as one of their motivations to drive them in learning English especially in speaking, since one of the ways for being able to good at something is that by having good self esteem, so that they will be able to improve their speaking ability and become successful English learners.It also suggested that there should be a continuous research for finding out the reasons of the students for not having good internal esteems, since internal motivation is stronger and more stable within the students in learning.

Table 1 .
Questionnaire Score value

Table 2 .
The level of the students' strengthto their speaking ability

Table 3 .
The level of the students' confidence to their speaking ability

Table 4 .
The level of the students' achievement to their speaking ability

Table 5 .
The level of the students' independence to their speaking ability

Table 6 .
The level of the students' independence to their speaking ability

Table 7 .
The level of the students' master and competence to their speaking ability

Table 8 .
The level of the students' freedom to their speaking ability

Table 9 .
Variance to test The Independence and to test The Data Linear Regression